Software Vault: The Gold Collection/Software Vault - The Gold Collection (American Databankers) (1993).ISO/cdr55/faqwin02.zip/FAQWIN02.ASC

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From: [e-mail] (Tom Haapanen)
Date: Mon, 3 May 1993 16:34:57 -0400
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                             Microsoft Windows FAQ
                          Frequently Asked Questions


Copyright
  This document is compilation copyright (c) 1990-1993 by Tom Haapanen.  It
  may be freely copied and/or distributed in its entirety as long as this
  copyright notice is not removed.  It may not be sold for profit or
  incorporated into commercial products without the author's written
  permission.  [Compilation copyright means that you can freely use
  individual sections of this document, but any significant collection of
  sections is subject to the copyright.]

Note:     Revision dates for each section are shown next to the section names
     on each index page!  To find updated sections for a particular date,
     click the Search button in WinHelp and enter "Updated:" to see the
     various update dates available.


CONTENTS
========

1.  Credits

2.  Microsoft Windows
  2.1.  Windows 1.0
  2.2.  Windows 2.0
  2.3.  Windows/386
  2.4.  Windows 3.0
  2.5.  Windows 3.1
  2.6.  Windows for Workgroups 3.1
  2.7.  Windows NT 3.1
  2.8.  Win32s for Windows 3.1
  2.9.  Windows 4.0 ("Chicago" and Win32c)
  2.10.  Windows NT 4.0 ("Cairo")
  2.11.  Windows for Pen Computing 3.1
  2.12.  Multimedia Windows
  2.13.  Modular Windows
  2.14.  Win-OS/2

3.  Internet and Usenet
  3.1.  Usenet
  3.2.  Usenet Windows newsgroups
  3.3.  Alternatives to Usenet
  3.4.  Freeware and shareware by ftp
  3.5.  Popular Internet ftp sites
  3.6.  Using archie
  3.7.  Ftp by email
  3.8.  FAQs (Frequently Asked Questions)
  3.9.  More about Internet and Usenet
  3.10.  FTP archives on CD-ROM

4.  Setting Up and Configuring Windows
  4.1.  System Configuration
    4.1.1.  Minimum Windows 3.1 configurations
    4.1.2.  Minimum Windows 3.0 configurations
    4.1.3.  Minimum Windows NT pre-release configuration
    4.1.4.  Standard mode vs. 386 Enhanced mode
  4.2.  Selecting a hardware configuration for Windows
    4.2.1.  Selecting a CPU/FPU
    4.2.2.  Selecting the memory size
    4.2.3.  Selecting a hard disk
    4.2.4.  Selecting a video adapter
  4.3.  System BIOS compatability
  4.4.  Video drivers
    4.4.1.  Identifying your video card
    4.4.2.  Locating a driver
    4.4.3.  Video card manufacturers
    4.4.4.  Using 256 (or more) colors in Windows
    4.4.5.  Panacea Winspeed
    4.4.6.  CGA drivers
  4.5.  Printer drivers
    4.5.1.  Selecting a PostScript printer driver
    4.5.2.  Eliminating the Ctrl-D in PostScript output
    4.5.3.  EPS graphics print in portrait even on landscape pages
    4.5.4.  Hewlett-Packard DeskJet printing problems
  4.6.  Math coprocessors and WIN87EM.DLL
  4.7.  Multimedia
    4.7.1.  AdLib cards and .wav files
    4.7.2.  Using MIDI cards with Windows 3.1
    4.7.3.  SoundBlaster Pro and Windows 3.1
    4.7.4.  Using the PC's built-in speaker
  4.8.  System resources
  4.9.  Networking
    4.9.1.  Compatible Networks
    4.9.2.  Novell's NWPOPUP utility won't initialize
    4.9.3.  Using Windows for Workgroups with TCP/IP
      4.9.3.1.  FTP TCP/IP: general
      4.9.3.2.  FTP TCP/IP: NDIS setup
      4.9.3.3.  FTP TCP/IP: generic DOS kernel setup
      4.9.3.4.  WinQVT/Net
      4.9.3.5.  Wollongong Pathway Access/NFS
  4.10.  Integrating with Unix e-mail
  4.11.  Serial communications
    4.11.1.  Using COM3 and COM4
    4.11.2.  Using a high-performance 16550 serial port
    4.11.3.  DOS boxes and 16550 serial ports
    4.11.4.  SmartDrive and 16550 high-speed transfers
  4.12.  Disk drives and virtual memory
    4.12.1.  Virtual memory and swapfiles
    4.12.2.  Maximum swapfile size
    4.12.3.  Windows 3.x and Stacker
    4.12.4.  SCSI controllers
    4.12.5.  SmartDrive double buffering on SCSI drives
    4.12.6.  Windows 3.x and large hard disks
  4.13.  Troubleshooting
    4.13.1.  BMP wallpaper won't display correctly
    4.13.2.  Frequent GPFs (General Protection Faults)
    4.13.3.  File Manager won't format floppies
    4.13.4.  Incorrect system version; reinstall the 386 enhanced version of
Windows
    4.13.5.  Mouse hangs when using communications software
    4.13.6.  Parity errors with Windows 3.1
    4.13.7.  Performance deterioration in a 386 Enhanced mode DOS session
    4.13.8.  Problems creating a permanent swapfile in Windows 3.0
    4.13.9.  Program Manager claims only 8 KB of free memory
    4.13.10.  Using a slow expansion memory board with Windows
    4.13.11.  Windows 3.0 refuses to run without a file called WINA20.386
    4.13.12.  Windows 3.1 hangs or crashes during startup
    4.13.13.  Windows 3.1 hangs or waits a long time on exit
    4.13.14.  Windows 3.1 Resource Kit won't install
    4.13.15.  Windows 3.x waits a long time on startup

5.  Windows and DOS
  5.1.  Configuring DOS sessions
    5.1.1.  DOS in a window
    5.1.2.  Lotus 1-2-3 in Windows
    5.1.3.  Reducing the amount of "jerkiness" in DOS window updating
    5.1.4.  Extended memory in DOS sessions
    5.1.5.  Changing the font size for a DOS window
    5.1.6.  Changing the number of lines inr a DOS window
    5.1.7.  Mouse in a DOS window
    5.1.8.  TSRs in DOS sessions
      5.1.8.1.  VGA graphics in a windowed DOS session
  5.2.  Troubleshooting DOS applications
    5.2.1.  Out of Environment Space
    5.2.2.  Protected-mode software
    5.2.3.  Corrupted diskettes when copying files in a DOS session
  5.3.  DOS shells and extenders
    5.3.1.  QEMM/386 and DesqView/386
    5.3.2.  MKS Toolkit: setting up
    5.3.3.  MKS Toolkit: maximizing DOS session memory
      5.3.3.1.  MS-SH

6.  Windows Tips, Tricks and Secrets
  6.1.  General
    6.1.1.  Automatically opening applications on startup, with predefined
window positions
    6.1.2.  Changing or bypassing the startup logo
    6.1.3.  Changing the font used for the icon labels
    6.1.4.  Limiting the size of the temporary swap file
    6.1.5.  Making Windows 3.x act like 2.x runtime
    6.1.6.  Printing PostScript files without a PostScript printer
    6.1.7.  Search path in Windows
    6.1.8.  Swapping the Ctrl and CapsLock keys
    6.1.9.  VT100 emulation for Windows
  6.2.  Program Manager
    6.2.1.  Changing the font used for the icon labels
    6.2.2.  Changing the program icon
    6.2.3.  Changing the title of the Program Manager window
    6.2.4.  Converting documents to PostScript format
    6.2.5.  Creating your own icons
    6.2.6.  Creating your own wallpaper
    6.2.7.  Previewing PostScript output
    6.2.8.  Restricting the Program Manager
    6.2.9.  Saving Program Manager settings without exiting Windows
    6.2.10.  Starting Windows without activating the applications in the
Startup group
    6.2.11.  Starting an application in a different directory
  6.3.  Windows accessories
    6.3.1.  Cardfile: converting to ASCII text
    6.3.2.  Clock: Windows 3.1 Clock limitations
    6.3.3.  Help: changing the keyword colors
    6.3.4.  Help: changing the default window size
    6.3.5.  Notepad: F5 and current time
    6.3.6.  Recorder: recording more than 60 seconds of sound
    6.3.7.  Terminal: keypad
    6.3.8.  General: "Can't open TEMP.WRI" (or similar message)
  6.4.  Changing default directories
    6.4.1.  Bitmaps
    6.4.2.  Fonts
    6.4.3.  Icons
  6.5.  Fonts
    6.5.1.  Accessing foreign/accented characters
    6.5.2.  Converting font formats
    6.5.3.  Converting Macintosh Type 1 (ATM) fonts to Windows
    6.5.4.  Replacing your System font with a serif font
    6.5.5.  ZIP code bar code fonts
  6.6.  Applications
    6.6.1.  Access: printing a database diagram
    6.6.2.  DayBook: running on Windows 3.1
    6.6.3.  Excel: Calling DLL routines
    6.6.4.  Excel: Doing log-log graphs
    6.6.5.  Excel: Multiple X-Y graphs on shared X-axis
    6.6.6.  WinQVTNet: Hiding a gateway
    6.6.7.  Norton Desktop: Wider listbox for Scheduler
    6.6.8.  Norton Desktop: Using smaller fonts for lists
    6.6.9.  Word for Windows: changing bullet paragraph indent
    6.6.10.  Word for Windows: centering equations
    6.6.11.  Word for Windows: custom toolbar icons
    6.6.12.  Word for Windows: drop caps (large 1st characters of paragraphs)
    6.6.13.  Word for Windows: fonts larger than 127 points
    6.6.14.  Word for Windows: foreign-language dictionaries and thesauri
    6.6.15.  Word for Windows: getting rid of the list of last files edited
    6.6.16.  Word for Windows: inserting today's date
    6.6.17.  Word for Windows: linking in subdocuments
    6.6.18.  Word for Windows: numbering equations
    6.6.19.  Word for Windows: overlining words
    6.6.20.  Word for Windows: printing even and odd pages
    6.6.21.  Word for Windows: removing hard returns on downloaded text
    6.6.22.  Word for Windows: setting the find file default directory
    6.6.23.  Word for Windows: turning echo off in a macro
    6.6.24.  Word for Windows: using a watermark
    6.6.25.  WordPerfect for Windows: changing the background color
  6.7.  Gang screens ("Easter Eggs")
    6.7.1.  Windows 3.0
    6.7.2.  Windows 3.1
    6.7.3.  Ami Pro 2.0
    6.7.4.  Corel Draw! 3.0
    6.7.5.  Excel 3.0
    6.7.6.  Norton Desktop for Windows 2.0
    6.7.7.  PageMaker for Windows 4.0
    6.7.8.  Procomm Plus for Windows 1.0
    6.7.9.  Word for Windows 1.x
    6.7.10.  Word for Windows 2.0

7.  Applications
  7.1.  Windows 2.x Applications
  7.2.  Troubleshooting
    7.2.1.  AllType: converted TrueType fonts not in same family
    7.2.2.  Ami Pro: table of contents
    7.2.3.  Ami Pro 2.0: divide by zero error
    7.2.4.  Ami Pro 3.0: equation handling problems
    7.2.5.  Ami Pro 3.0: overlapped screen text
    7.2.6.  Ami Pro 2.0: printing with incorrect fonts
    7.2.7.  Ami Pro 3.0: slow printing
    7.2.8.  Corel Draw!: can't rotate bitmaps
    7.2.9.  FrameMaker: scrambled dot-matrix output
    7.2.10.  KA9Q: dropped packets
    7.2.11.  Norton Desktop for Windows: can't format in the background
    7.2.12.  Norton Desktop for Windows: crashes from selecting files
    7.2.13.  Mathematica 2.0 for Windows: problems with Windows 3.1, other
problems
    7.2.14.  NCSA Telnet [in DOS session]: crashes in a window
    7.2.15.  PageMaker 4.0: font selection box won't scroll
    7.2.16.  PageMaker 4.0: text color changes to almost invisible
    7.2.17.  PageMaker 4.0: WordPerfect and Word for Windows import
    7.2.18.  Paradox for Windows: dialog boxes can't be killed
    7.2.19.  Pathway Access 1.x: terminal font
    7.2.20.  PC Tools 7.1: restore problems
    7.2.21.  Procomm Plus for Windows: Pasted text has extra CR/LFs
    7.2.22.  Procomm Plus for Windows: Zmodem transfer startup
    7.2.23.  Quattro Pro for Windows: Cut and paste to other applications
    7.2.24.  Quattro Pro for Windows: High resource requirements
    7.2.25.  Quattro Pro for Windows: Numeric format alignment
    7.2.26.  Quattro Pro for Windows: OLE and DDE problems
    7.2.27.  Quattro Pro for Windows: Saving over foreign formats
    7.2.28.  Quicken for Windows: conflicts with communications software
    7.2.29.  Ventura Publisher 3.0: divide by zero errors
    7.2.30.  WinFax Pro 2.0
    7.2.31.  Word for Windows: accessing fonts
    7.2.32.  Word for Windows 2.0: can't install additional components
    7.2.33.  Word for Windows 2.0: equation editor fonts
    7.2.34.  Word for Windows 2.0: equations have too much white space
    7.2.35.  Word for Windows 2.0: file too big to save
    7.2.36.  Word for Windows 2.0: headers and graphics
    7.2.37.  Word for Windows 2.0: mixed landscape/portrait document eats
system resources
    7.2.38.  Word for Windows 2.0b: printing from Print Preview
    7.2.39.  WordPerfect for Windows 1.0: floppy access
    7.2.40.  WordPerfect for Windows 1.0: button bar won't display
    7.2.41.  WordPerfect for Windows 1.0: crashes with 256-color display
driver
    7.2.42.  WordPerfect for Windows 5.2: incorrect table of contents
    7.2.43.  WordPerfect for Windows 1.0: mixing landscape and portrait pages
    7.2.44.  WordPerfect for Windows 1.0: printing with TrueType
  7.3.  Available Windows 3.x applications
    7.3.1.  Mainstream applications
      7.3.1.1.  Databases, non-programmable
      7.3.1.2.  Databases, programmable
      7.3.1.3.  Desktop publishing
      7.3.1.4.  Financial Management
      7.3.1.5.  Groupware
      7.3.1.6.  Integrated sofware
      7.3.1.7.  Personal Information Management
      7.3.1.8.  Project management
      7.3.1.9.  Spreadsheets
      7.3.1.10.  Word processing
      7.3.1.11.  Word processing utilities
    7.3.2.  Graphics applications
      7.3.2.1.  Databases, image
      7.3.2.2.  Charting (flow and organizational)
      7.3.2.3.  Drawing and illustration
      7.3.2.4.  Graphics conversion
      7.3.2.5.  Image viewers
      7.3.2.6.  Painting and image editing
      7.3.2.7.  Presentation and business graphics
    7.3.3.  Communications
      7.3.3.1.  Communications (ASCII)
      7.3.3.2.  Communications (IBM mainframe)
      7.3.3.3.  Facsimile
      7.3.3.4.  Internet news and mail readers
      7.3.3.5.  Remote Access
      7.3.3.6.  TCP/IP Networking
      7.3.3.7.  X Windows servers
    7.3.4.  Fonts
      7.3.4.1.  Font packages
      7.3.4.2.  Font managers
      7.3.4.3.  Font utilities
    7.3.5.  Utilities
      7.3.5.1.  Archiving utilies
      7.3.5.2.  Backup software
      7.3.5.3.  Benchmarking utilities
      7.3.5.4.  Clock utlities
      7.3.5.5.  Desktop enhancers
      7.3.5.6.  Program launchers: File Manager type
      7.3.5.7.  Program launchers: Program Manager type
      7.3.5.8.  Program launchers: integrated desktops
      7.3.5.9.  Program launchers: tool bars
      7.3.5.10.  Program launchers: commandline
      7.3.5.11.  Program launchers: other
      7.3.5.12.  Task schedulers
      7.3.5.13.  Task managers
      7.3.5.14.  Miscellaneous
    7.3.6.  Technical and engineering
      7.3.6.1.  CAD software
    7.3.7.  Engineering
    7.3.8.  Mathematical
    7.3.9.  Statistics
    7.3.10.  Multimedia and entertainment
      7.3.10.1.  CD audio players
      7.3.10.2.  Games and entertainment
      7.3.10.3.  Multimedia authoring
      7.3.10.4.  Multimedia playback
      7.3.10.5.  Sound editors
      7.3.10.6.  Video Editors

8.  Technical Support Contacts
  8.1.  Microsoft
    8.1.1.  Telephone


:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::


1.  CREDITS
===========
  The author may be contacted by the following means:

     Internet:   [e-mail]
     UUCP:       uunet!watserv1!wes!tomh
     BITNET:     [e-mail]
     CompuServe: >INTERNET: [e-mail]

     Mail:       Tom Haapanen
                 Software Metrics Inc.
                 22 King St. S., suite 303
                 Waterloo, Ont.
                 N2J 1N8, Canada


  The Word for Windows 2.0 to Windows Help conversion utility, Dr. Help,
  used for creating and maintaining this document, was created by Roger
  Hadgraft, senior lecturer in Civil Engineering at Monash University,
  Clayton, Victoria, Australia.  It can be used for converting most Word
  files into WinHelp files.  Roger may be contacted as:

     Internet:  [e-mail]
     UUCP:      uunet!eng.monash.edu.au!roger.hadgraft
     CompuServe:    >INTERNET: [e-mail]


  I would also like to express my gratitude to the countless people who have
  contributed information to the Windows FAQs, through Usenet news, email and
  personal conversations.  You know who you are: I'm grateful for your help,
  as this FAQ would not be what it is without your help.

  Latest version of this FAQ are available by ftp on sonygate.sony.com
  (192.65.137.2) and on ftp to ftp.pitt.edu (130.49.254.3) in the directory
  ~users/i/n/infidel/win/FAQ.

:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::


2.  MICROSOFT WINDOWS
=====================


---------------------------------------------------------------------------

2.1.  Windows 1.0
=================
  Microsoft first began development of the Interface Manager (subsequently
  renamed Microsoft Windows) in September 1981.  Although the first
  prototypes used Multiplan and Word-like menus at the bottom of the screen,
  the interface was changed in 1982 to use pull-down menus and dialogs, as
  used on the Xerox Star.

  Microsoft finally announced Windows in November 1983, with pressure from
  just-released VisiOn and impending TopView.  This was after the release of
  the Apple Lisa (but prior to the Macintosh), and before Digital Research
  announced GEM, another competing graphical environment.  Windows promised
  an easy-to-use graphical interface, device-independent graphics and
  multitasking support.  The development was delayed several times, however,
  and the first version hit the store shelves (after 55 programmer-years of
  development!) in November 1985.  The selection of applications was sparse,
  however, and Windows sales were modest,

  The following were the major features of Windows 1.0:
  * Graphical user interface with drop-down menus, tiled windows and mouse
     support
  * Device-independent screen and printer graphics
  * Co-operative multitasking of Windows applications

---------------------------------------------------------------------------

2.2.  Windows 2.0
=================
  Windows 2.0, introduced in the fall of 1987, provided significant
  useability improvements to Windows.  With the addition of icons and
  overlapping windows, Windows became a viable environment for development of
  major applications (such as Excel, Word for Windows, Corel Draw!, Ami, Page
  Maker and Micrografx Designer), and the sales were spurred by the runtime
  (Single Application Environment) versions supplied by the independent
  software vendors.  When Windows/386 (see next section) was released,
  Microsoft renamed Windows to Windows/286 for consistency.

  The following are the major changes from earlier versions of Windows:
  * Overlapping windows
  * PIF files for DOS applications

---------------------------------------------------------------------------

2.3.  Windows/386
=================
  In late 1987 Microsoft released Windows/386.  While it was functionally
  equivalent to its sibling, Windows/286, in running Windows applications, it
  provided the capability to run multiple DOS applications simultaneously in
  the extended memory.

  The following are the major changes from earlier versions of Windows:
  * Multiple DOS virtual machines with pre-emptive multitasking

---------------------------------------------------------------------------

2.4.  Windows 3.0
=================
  Microsoft Windows 3.0, released in May, 1990, was a complete overhaul of
  the Windows environment.  With the capability to address memory beyond 640K
  and a much more powerful user interface, independent software vendors
  started developing Windows applications with vigor.  The powerful new
  applications helped Microsoft sell more than 10 million copies of Windows,
  making it the best-selling graphical user interface in the history of
  computing.

  The following are the major changes from earlier versions of Windows:
  * Standard (286) mode, with large memory support
  * 386 Enhanced mode, with large memory and multiple pre-emptive DOS session
     support
  * No runtime versions available
  * Program Manager and File Manager added
  * Network support
  * Support for more than 16 colors
  * API support for combo boxes, hierarchical menus and private .ini files

---------------------------------------------------------------------------

2.5.  Windows 3.1
=================
  Microsoft Windows 3.1, released in April, 1992 provides significant
  improvements to Windows 3.0.  In its first two months on the market, it
  sold over 3 million copies, including upgrades from Windows 3.0.  It is
  currently continuing to sell at a rate of over 1 million copies per month.

  The following are the major changes from Windows 3.0:
  * No Real (8086) mode support
  * TrueType scalable font support
  * Multimedia capability
  * Object Linking and Embedding (OLE)
  * Application reboot capability
  * "Mouse Trails" for easier mouse use with LCD display devices
  * Better inter-application protection and better error diagnostics
  * API multimedia and networking support
  * Source-level API compatability with Windows NT

---------------------------------------------------------------------------

2.6.  Windows for Workgroups 3.1
================================
  The Windows for Workgroups package, released in November, 1992,  is the
  first integrated Windows and networking package offered by Microsoft.  It
  provides peer-to-peer file and printer sharing capabilities (on a level
  comparable to LANtastic or Netware Lite) highly integrated into the Windows
  environment.  The simple-to-use-and-install networking allows the user to
  specify which files on the user's machine should be made accessible to
  others.  The files can then be accessed from other machines running either
  Windows or DOS.

  Windows for Workgroups also includes two additional applications: Microsoft
  Mail, a network mail package, and Schedule+, a workgroup scheduler.

---------------------------------------------------------------------------

2.7.  Windows NT 3.1
====================
  Microsoft Windows NT, scheduled for release in the first half of 1993, is
  Microsoft's platform of choice for high-end systems.  It is intended for
  use in network servers, workstations and software development machines; it
  will not replace Windows for DOS.  While Windows NT's user interface is
  very similar to that of Windows 3.1, it is based on an entirely new
  operating system kernel.

  The following are the major changes from Windows 3.1:
  * Based on a new microkernel design
  * Portable architecture for Intel x86, MIPS R4000 and DEC Alpha processors
  * 32-bit addressing for access to up to 4 GB of memory
  * Fully protected applications with virtualized hardware access
  * Installable APIs for Win32, Win16, MS-DOS, POSIX and OS/2
  * Installable file systems, including FAT, HPFS and NTFS
  * Built-in networking (LAN Manager and TCP/IP) with remote procedure calls
     (RPCs)
  * Symmetric multiprocessor support
  * Security designed in from start, to be initially C2 certified, with a B-
     level kernel design
  * API support for unsynchronized message queues, advanced interprocess
     communication, registration databases, Bezier curves and graphics
     transformations.

  Although Windows NT has not yet been released, the following is generally
  accepted as the minimum platform for use with the retail release of the
  client edition of Windows NT:
  * 33 MHz 386 processor
  * 8 MB memory
  * 100 MB hard disk
  * VGA graphics
  The Advanced Server Edition is expected to require 12 MB of memory.

  As of July 1992, Windows NT is available as a pre-release SDK (Software
  Development Kit) from Microsoft at the cost of $69 (or $399 for the pre-
  release SDK plus full printed documentation).  This release is supplied on
  CD-ROM only, and contains the Windows NT operating system as well as all
  the necessary 32-bit development tools (including a 32-bit C++ compiler and
  all documentation on-line on the CD-ROM).  The purchasers of this SDK will
  also receive free updates to Windows NT up to and including final release.

  The pre-release Windows NT SDK requires 12 MB of RAM and is not suitable
  for evaluating the Windows NT environment.  It is intended strictly for
  software development!  Contact your national Microsoft subsidiary (or
  Microsoft itself in Redmond, WA) for ordering information.

  Win32 in itself is not a version of Windows, but the name of application
  programming interface for WIndows NT.

---------------------------------------------------------------------------

2.8.  Win32s for Windows 3.1
============================
  Win32s is a set of libraries for Windows 3.1, which enable users to run
  most Windows NT 32-bit applications on Windows 3.1, without the extensive
  hardware requirements of Windows NT.  The Win32s interface will likely
  replace the older Windows-32 interface used by current 32-bit Windows
  applications such as Mathematica.

  The Win32s development tools are currently in beta release, but Microsoft
  has not announced minimum system requirements for using Win32s
  applications.

---------------------------------------------------------------------------

2.9.  Windows 4.0 ("Chicago" and Win32c)
========================================
  This unannounced product is rumored to be released in 1994.  It will be a
  32-bit system providing full pre-emptive multitasking, advanced
  filesystems, threading, networking and more.  It will run on (and require)
  the (also unannounced) 32-bit MS-DOS 7.0.  It will not include Windows NT's
  security, multiprocessor support, server capabilities or multiple API
  modules.  It will include a revised user interface, along the lines of
  "Cairo", but not taken as far as that product.

  "Chicago" is rumored to be due for release sometime in 1994.

---------------------------------------------------------------------------

2.10.  Windows NT 4.0 ("Cairo")
===============================
  "Cairo" is Microsoft's project for object-oriented Windows, and a sccessor
  to the first release of Windows NT.  Firm details are not available, but
  most rumors place expected availability sometime in 1994 or 1995.
  Developers are encouraged to work with OLE 2.0 in order to start moving in
  the correct direction towards future "Cairo" compatability.

---------------------------------------------------------------------------

2.11.  Windows for Pen Computing 3.1
====================================
  Microsoft developed Windows for Pen Computing for use on pen-based systems.
  In most aspects, it is basically equivalent to Windows 3.1 with extensions
  for pen support.  These extensions include the use of a pen as a pointing
  device as well as handwriting recognition and conversion.  Pen Windows
  first shipped in April, 1992.

---------------------------------------------------------------------------

2.12.  Multimedia Windows
=========================
  The term Multimedia Windows describes a package with Windows 3.0 and the
  Multimedia Extensions.  These extensions are included in Windows 3.1, and
  thus Multimedia Windows is no longer sold as a separate product.

---------------------------------------------------------------------------

2.13.  Modular Windows
======================
  Modular Windows is the operating system for Tandy Corp.'s Video Information
  System (VIS) multimedia player.  It is essentially similar to Windows'
  core, but without any desktop accessories, TrueType fonts or a number of
  other features.

---------------------------------------------------------------------------

2.14.  Win-OS/2
===============
  Win-OS/2 is the Windows component of IBM's OS/2 2.0.  It is based partially
  on Windows 3.0 and partially on 3.1.  While it runs a majority of the
  commercial Windows applications, it is not covered by this document.

:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::


3.  INTERNET AND USENET
=======================


---------------------------------------------------------------------------

3.1.  Usenet
============
  If you received this FAQ from somewhere other than Usenet or Internet, you
  may not be familiar with Usenet.  Basically, Usenet is a loose collection
  of over 1,000,000 computers which exchange mail and news.  The network is
  unstructured and highly distributed; most communication is either by TCP/IP
  over high-speed connections (or over dual-up links using public telephone
  lines), or UUCP over public telephone lines.  Internet is a (almost proper)
  subset of Usenet, consisting of somewhere  between 500,000 and 1,000,000
  computers connected by high-speed TCP/IP network connections.

  Usenet news is a software system where a person can post an article to a
  selected newsgroup, and have every other news reader be able to read it.
  There are over 1,500 newsgroups (including the alt groups), and daily
  volume of news is approaching 50 MB.

  While most Usenet systems are Unix-based, it is not a requirement.  If you
  have an Internet or UUCP connection, ask your system administrator whether
  you have Usenet news available.  Some of the most common newsreading
  software packages are readnews, rn, trn, nn and notes.

---------------------------------------------------------------------------

3.2.  Usenet Windows newsgroups
===============================
  There are a total of eight Usenet newsgroups dealing with Microsoft
  Windows:

  * comp.os.ms-windows.advocacy
     This group is intended for adversarial discussions, arguments and
     comparisons to other computers and operating systems.  Applicable to all
     Windows platforms.
  * comp.os.ms-windows.announce
     This is a low-volume moderated group with only Windows-related
     announcements (and the text versions of the FAQs) and with no discussion.
     Moderated by Todd Derr ([e-mail]).
  * comp.os.ms-windows.apps
     This group contains discussions, questions, and comments about the
     selection and use of Windows and Windows NT applications.
  * comp.os.ms-windows.setup
     This group is meant for questions and discussions about Windows and
     Windows for Workgroups setup process, driver availability and selection,
     and hardware compatability and selection.
  * comp.os.ms-windows.misc
     All other discussions about Windows and Windows for Workgroups should be
     in this group.

  * comp.os.ms-windows.nt.setup    (proposed)
     This group is meant for questions and discussions about the Windows NT
     setup process, driver availability and selection, and hardware
     compatability and selection.
  * comp.os.ms-windows.nt.misc    (proposed)
     All other discussions about Windows NT should be in this group.

  * comp.os.ms-windows.programmer.tools
     This group is intended for discussions about the selection and use of
     tools for Windows software development.
  * comp.os.ms-windows.programmer.win32
     All discussions about the Win32 applications programming interface (used
     in Windows NT and Win32s) and the Windows NT SDK belong in this group..
  * comp.os.ms-windows.programmer.misc
     This group is for all other discussions about Windows software
     development.

  * comp.binaries.ms-windows
     This group is for postings of free and shareware Windows applications,
     utilities, display and printer drivers -- and for the latest FAQs.
     Moderated by Tin Le ([e-mail]).

  The following groups have been replaced by those shown above:
  * comp.windows.ms
     This group was for discussions about Microsoft Windows.
  * comp.windows.ms.programmer
     This group was for discussions about programming for Microsoft Windows.

  The following groups may also be of interest:
  * comp.databases.access    (proposed)
     This group is for dicussions about Microsoft's Access database..
  * comp.os.msdos.programmer
     This groups contains general MS-DOS programming questions.  Some,
     especially those concerning compiler selection, may be of interest to
     Windows programmers.
  * bit.listserv.win3-l
     This group is a two-way gateway of the BITNET WIN3-L mailing list,
     dealing with all aspects of Windows 3.x.
  * bit.listserv.access-l
     This group is a two-way gateway of the BITNET ACCESS-L mailing list,
     dealing with Microsoft's Access database.

  The following groups are not for Microsoft Windows!
  * comp.windows.misc
     This group is for miscellaneous discussions about windowing systems in
     general.
  * comp.windows.news
     This group is for discussions about the Sun Microsystems NeWS windowing
     system.

  In general, these newsgroups are only available to computers connected to
  Usenet or Internet; they are not gatewayed into BITNET, CompuServe, Prodigy
  or other services. Some FidoNet BBS systems, however, do carry selected
  Usenet newsgroups.

---------------------------------------------------------------------------

3.3.  Alternatives to Usenet
============================
  If you are unable to find a connection to the Internet (that procedure can
  not be easily defined, as the Internet does not have any sort of a formal
  structure), there are several alternatives available for finding more
  information about Windows, and for locating Windows software and drivers.

  BITNET users (as well as any other with an electronic mail connection to
  Internet) can subscribe to WIN3-L ([e-mail]), a mailing list
  dedicated to Windows discussions.  This mailing list is similar in content
  to the comp.os.ms-windows.misc newsgroup; no programmer mailing list exists
  on BITNET.

  If you live in North America (or in one of selected Western European
  countries), you can subscribe to CompuServe, a commercial service.
  CompuServe has extensive Windows-oriented discussions and a fairly good
  selection of free software.  Although the level of discussion is often less
  technical, it is much more structured than the Internet.  CompuServe also
  has numerous vendor-supported forums, including ones organized by Microsoft
  for Windows and Windows NT.

  Many FidoNet-based BBS systems also carry the Internet Windows newsgroups.
  Consult a local BBS listing to find your nearest FidoNet BBS.

---------------------------------------------------------------------------

3.4.  Freeware and shareware by ftp
===================================
  While CompuServe (which has a lot of software) and your local BBS may have
  large selections, the Internet provides an immense resource for all PC
  users.  The key program to access this software is called ftp (File
  Transfer Protocol), and it's usable from most Internet system, but is not
  usable through UUCP links.

  If you do have ftp available to you, follow the example below to connect to
  ftp.cica.indiana.edu (do not type in the // comments):

     $ ftp ftp.cica.indiana.edu    // make connection
     Connected to ...              // cica responds
     Userid (user@cica): ftp       // enter "ftp" as userid
     Password: real_userid@site    // enter your own userid
     ftp> tenex                    // for binary transfers
     ftp> cd /pub/pc/win3          // where the goodies are
     ftp> ls -l                    // list the directory
     ftp> get ls-ltR               // get the current index
     ftp> quit                     // we're done!
     $ _

  Of course, you can get multiple files at a time -- read the ftp manual page
  for more information.

  Remember that shareware is not free: register the software you use to
  encourage the development of more low-cost software.

---------------------------------------------------------------------------

3.5.  Popular Internet ftp sites
================================
  The following ftp sites provide significant amounts of software of interest
  to Windows users:
  * ftp.cica.indiana.edu (129.79.20.84)
     Directory /pub/pc/win3  contains one of the largest selections of Windows
     software and device drivers anywhere.  Mirrored by wuarchive.  Please do
     not access ftp.cica.indiana.edu between 8am and 6pm EST to prevent
     overloading the system.
  * wsmr-simtel20.army.mil (26.2.0.74)
     Directory pd1:<msdos> contains a very large selection of MS-DOS (and some
     Windows) software.  Mirrored by wuarchive.
  * wuarchive.wustl.edu (128.242.135.4)
     Directory /mirrors/win3 contains a copy of the cica Windows archives, and
     directory /mirrors/msdos contains a copy of the simtel10 MS-DOS archive.
  * ftp.uu.net (137.39.1.9)
     Directory /vendors/microsoft contains a lot of the Microsoft developer
     support materials available on CompuServe, including tech notes, sample
     sources, the ODBC SDK and WinHelp documentation for Windows and Win32
     SDKs.
  * sonygate.sony.com (192.65.137.2)
     Directory /pub/comp.binaries.ms-windows contains a complete archive of
     all binaries posted to the comp.binaries.ms-windows newsgroup, including
     the latest versions of the FAQs.
  * garbo.uwasa.fi (128.214.12.3)
     Directories /win3 and /win31 contain a majority of the cica Windows
     archives, and a fair amount of non-cica material.  Note that garbo.uwasa.
     fi is located in Finland, and North American users should avoid
     congesting transatlantic Internet links by ftping from this site.
     Mirrored by wuarchive.
  * cc.monash.edu.au
     Directory /pub/win3 contains a copy of the cica Windows archives.  Note
     that monash is located in Australia, and North American users should
     avoid congesting transpacific Internet links by ftping from this site.

    If your ftp program complains about an unknown site, you can substitute
    the numeric Internet address (shown after each site name above) for the
    name in the ftp command.

---------------------------------------------------------------------------

3.6.  Using archie
==================
  If you know the program you're looking for, but don't know where to find
  it, you might try using a utility called archie.  This program allows you
  to search for a filename in all the available ftp sites.

  There are numerous archie servers available; to use one of them, telnet to
  the system, and sign on as archie.  Follow instructions to search for a
  file.  The following lists some of the know archie servers currently
  available for use; pick one in your geographical area:

     * archie.rutgers.edu     United States (Northeast)
     * archie.sura.net   United States (Southeast)
     * archie.unl.edu    United States (West)

     * archie.mcgill.ca  Canada
     * archie.au         Australia and New Zealand
     * archie.funet.fi   Europe
     * archie.doc.ic.ac.uk    United Kingdom

---------------------------------------------------------------------------

3.7.  Ftp by email
==================
  There are several sites that will perform general FTP retrievals for you in
  response to a similar mail query, although it appears that the info-
  [e-mail] server is permanently out of order.

  In general, please be considerate, and don't over-use these services.  If
  people start using them to retrieve megabytes and megabytes of GIF or WAV
  files, they will probably disappear.  Also, keep in mind that your system
  may be linked to the net using a long-distance UUCP connection, and your
  sysadmin may not be happy about large mail files using up modem time and
  filling overloaded spool directories.

     * [e-mail]
     For information on this one (available only to BITNET sites) send it the
     message:
       help

     * [e-mail]
     For information on this server, available to all Internet sites, send it
     a mail message with a body containing simply:
       help

     * [e-mail]
     One final choice is to use the garbo.uwasa.fi server, which lets you
     access the garbo.uwasa.fi archive (which contains most of the cica
     files).  For instructions, send it a mail message with "Subject: garbo-
     request" and a single line of text "send help" to
       send help
     Please do not use this service if you are located in North America!

---------------------------------------------------------------------------

3.8.  FAQs (Frequently Asked Questions)
=======================================
  Hundreds of Usenet newsgroups have their own FAQs, most of them in text
  format.  You can retrieve almost all of these FAQs' latest versions by ftp
  from rtfm.mit.edu in the directory /pub/usenet/news-answers.

---------------------------------------------------------------------------

3.9.  More about Internet and Usenet
====================================
  To learn more about Internet and Usenet, I strongly recommend you purchase
  or borrow a copy of Ed Krol's The Whole Internet User's Guide and Catalog
  (ISBN 1-56592-025-2, $24.95), which covers email, news, ftp, archie and
  much more.  This 400-page handbook is a thorough guide to getting around on
  the Net, clear enough for neophytes but with new information even for true
  Internet veterans.

  To purchase The Whole Internet User's Guide and Catalog, check your local
  bookstore or contact the publisher, O'Reilly and Associates at 1-800-998-
  9938 (103 Morris St., Sebastopol, CA 95472).

---------------------------------------------------------------------------

3.10.  FTP archives on CD-ROM
=============================
  Walnut Creek offers copies of the cica, wuarchive and simtel  FTP archives
  on CD-ROM, at prices ranging from $25 to $50, with annual subscriptions
  available.  Call [phone] or [phone] for more information.

:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::


4.  SETTING UP AND CONFIGURING WINDOWS
======================================

---------------------------------------------------------------------------

4.1.  System Configuration
==========================


...........................................................................

4.1.1.  Minimum Windows 3.1 configurations
------------------------------------------
  The minimum  system configurations to run Windows 3.1 are as follows:
  * Standard Mode
     286 processor, 640KB base memory, 256KB extended memory, EGA graphics
  * 386 Enhanced Mode
     386 processor, 640KB base memory, 1MB extended memory, EGA graphics

  The following are recommended  minimum configurations (based on the
  experiences of many net Windows users) for good performance.
  * Standard Mode
     286/12 processor, 2MB total memory, VGA graphics, mouse
  * 386 Enhanced Mode
     386SX/16 processor, 4MB total memory, VGA graphics, mouse

...........................................................................

4.1.2.  Minimum Windows 3.0 configurations
------------------------------------------
  The minimum  system configurations to run Windows 3.0 are as follows:
  * Real Mode
     8088 processor, 640KB base memory, CGA/Hercules graphics
  * Standard Mode
     286 processor, 640KB base memory, 256KB extended memory, CGA/Hercules
     graphics
  * 386 Enhanced Mode
     386 processor, 640KB base memory, 1MB extended memory, CGA/Hercules
     graphics

  The following are recommended  minimum configurations (based on the
  experiences of many net Windows users) for good performance.  (Real Mode is
  not configurable for good performance, and many applications will not run
  in it due to a lack of memory.)
  * Standard Mode
     286/12 processor, 2MB total memory, VGA graphics, mouse
  * 386 Enhanced Mode
     386SX/16 processor, 4MB total memory, VGA graphics, mouse

...........................................................................

4.1.3.  Minimum Windows NT pre-release configuration
----------------------------------------------------
  The minimum  recommended  system configuration to run the Windows NT pre-
  release Software Development Kit is as follows:
       * 386DX/33 processor
       * 12 MB memory
       * 100 MB hard disk
       * VGA graphics

  The recommended  system configuration to run the final retail release of
  Windows NT, including networking and several applications, is expected to
  be the following (according to Microsoft):
       * 386DX processor
       * 8 MB memory
       * 100 MB hard disk
       * VGA graphics

...........................................................................

4.1.4.  Standard mode vs. 386 Enhanced mode
-------------------------------------------
  If you own a 386- or 486-based system, you have the choice of running in
  either Standard or Enhanced mode.  The following lists the advantages of
  each:

     Standard mode
     * Speed.  Many aspects of Windows run substantially faster in Standard
       mode than in 386 Enhanced mode.

     386 Enhanced mode
     * Virtual memory capability.
     * Multiple DOS sessions are pre-emptively multitasked.
     * DOS sessions may be run in a window.
     * Able to run 386-specific applications such as Mathematica, FrameMaker
       and wdeb386.

---------------------------------------------------------------------------

4.2.  Selecting a hardware configuration for Windows
====================================================


...........................................................................

4.2.1.  Selecting a CPU/FPU
---------------------------
  As always, faster is better.  However, CPU alone won't determine your
  system's Windows performance.

  You can get fairly good performance even with a 386SX/20 processor given
  sufficient memory, and if you have a video accelerator card, a 386DX/40
  doesn't feel much slower than a 486DX/33.  You most definitely won't be
  able to tell a 486DX/33 and a 486DX2/66 apart in "normal" Windows
  operation.

  Windows itself will not take advantage of a floating point unit such as the
  287 or 387.

...........................................................................

4.2.2.  Selecting the memory size
---------------------------------
  Again, the more memory the better.

  You can get tolerable performance with 2 MB, but 4 MB is a more realistic
  minimum for decent performance.  If you have 8 MB, you can use a reasonably
  large disk cache (such as SmartDrive) and RAM disk; with 16 MB, you can
  disable swapping completely and get even better performance.

  Make sure your memory is either on the motherboard, or on a high-speed bus
  (such as EISA or MCA).  The standard ISA bus will slow your memory accesses
  down to a crawl.

...........................................................................

4.2.3.  Selecting a hard disk
-----------------------------
  For best Windows performance, you want a WD-compatible disk controller.  As
  most SCSI controllers (such as the excellent Adaptec 1542B and 1740) are
  not WD-compatible, they can not use Windows' FastDisk 32-bit disk access
  facility.  Worse yet, you may need to double-buffer your SCSI drive with
  SmartDrive, further degrading performance.

  The best bet for Windows 3.1 and future Windows NT performance is a high-
  speed IDE drive (all of which are WD-compatible).  The controllers are
  inexpensive (and built into many motherboards), and the new drives are
  quite fast.  IDE drives tend to be smaller, however, than their SCSI and
  ESDI counterparts, ranging from 40 MB up to about 500 MB (SCSI and ESDI
  drives currently on the market range from 300 MB to over 2 GB).

  The final option is to use an ESDI drive; these drives are usually
  identical to their SCSI counterparts, but with different interface
  electronics.  As long as you don't use a controller with a custom BIOS
  (such as the WD-1009), you can use Windows' 32-bit disk access for better
  performance.  While ESDI is generally somewhat slower than SCSI, the 32-bit
  access capability far outweighs that difference.

...........................................................................

4.2.4.  Selecting a video adapter
---------------------------------
  Given Windows GUI orientation, a fast video adapter is essential for good
  performance.  In addition, a better video adapter can provide higher
  resolution, higher refresh rates (for a steadier picture) and more on-
  screen colors (for more realistic picture reproduction).

  You should look for a card supporting a 70 Hz or 72 Hz refresh rate
  (provided your monitor can handle that), and likely at least

  A local bus or EISA graphics card will provide better performance, but the
  difference is not as significant with accelerated cards as it is with dub
  frame-buffer designs such as the ET4000 chipset.  In general, don't pay
  double just to get an EISA card!

  The following will attempt to describe some of the high performance (i.e.
  better than VGA) video adapters currently on the market.  The descriptions
  are frequently based on the chipsets rather than commercial product names,
  as numerous vendors will market adapters using basically identical
  hardware.  All comments below are subjective and reflect the author's
  opinion only.  Do not base a purchase decision solely on this listing, but
  always test a video adapter using your own applications prior to purchase,
  if possible.

    4b:   4-bit color (16 colors)           8b:   8-bit color (256 colors)
  15b: 15-bit color (32,768 colors)       24b: 24-bit color (16.7M colors)
  *interlaced

* ATI: Mach 8
  1280x1024x4b*, 1024x768x8b, 800x600x8b, 640x480x8b
  This is the original ATI accelerator chipset, which powers the ATI 8514
  Ultra, Graphics Ultra and Graphics Vantage.  The Ultra cards use VRAM video
  memory, while Vantage uses slower DRAM.  The 8514 Ultra does not include
  onboard VGA, but both other cards do.  All three cards are 8514 compatible.
  These cards, while no longer the fastest around, provide excellent Windows
  performance at all resolutions.  The driver support is very good (with
  Windows NT beta drivers available), and ATI provides anti-aliased Crystal
  Fonts for better readability.

* ATI: Mach 32
  1280x1024x8b, 1024x768x15b, 800x600x24b, 640x480x24b
  The second-generation ATI accelerator chipset powers the ATI Ultra+ and
  Ultra Pro.  The Ultra Pro uses VRAM video memory, while Ultra+ uses slower
  DRAM.  Both cards are 8514 compatible.  Both cards are extremely fast and
  provide blinding Windows performance. The driver support is excellent, with
  even beta Windows NT drivers available.  ATI provides anti-aliased Crystal
  Fonts for better readability.  One problem is that the highest performance
  Ultra+/Pro setup requires a 4 MB memory aperture, which is not possible on
  an ISA-based system with 16 MB of memory; disabling the memory aperture
  reduces performance by at least 5-10%.  Effectively an ISA-based Ultra+ is
  slower in a 16 MB system than the original Mach 8-based Graphics Ultra.

* Avance Logic: ALG2101
  1280x1024x4b*, 1024x768x8b, 800x600x15b, 640x480x15b
  The '2101 is a medium-speed performer with some serious reliability
  problems and buggy Windows drivers.

* Avance Logic: ALG2201
  1280x1024x8b*, 1024x768x15b, 800x600x24b, 640x480x24b
  The '2201 is the upcoming replacement for the '2101, with 24-bit true-color
  support, and intended for local bus designs.

* C&T: 82C481
  1280x1024x8b*, 1024x768x15b, 800x600x24b, 640x480x24b
  C&T's '481 chipset (often combined with the C&T Wingine chipset for VGA
  compatability) is a blazingly fast performer, but is currently hobbled by
  limited driver support.  Check that the modes you need are supported before
  buying, and be prepared to have Windows fly!

* Compaq: 128084
  1024x768x8b, 800x600x15b, 640x480x8b
  Compaq's excellent accelerator design is now getting to be a bit long in
  the tooth, and its performance is below nearly all of its competitors.

* IIT: AGX4
  1280x1024x8b*, 1152x960x8b, 1024x768x15b, 800x600x24b, 640x480x24b
  The AGX4 is IIT's implementation of the XGA specification, although at
  least the first available card (Hercules' Graphite) is not XGA-compatible.
  Despite some benchmark cheats, this remains an extremely fast card in real
  use, and its biggest downfall is probably the current lack of a 2 MB model,
  which is not due until June '93.

* S3: 87C801
  1280x1024x8b, 1024x768x15b, 800x600x24b, 640x480x24b
  The '801 is a higher-performance (32-bit), lower-cost version of the '924
  chipset, using inexpensive DRAM instead of the faster VRAM video memory.
  The performance edge over the original '911 is in excess of 50% on WinMark
  benchmarks.

* S3: 87C805
  1280x1024x8b, 1024x768x15b, 800x600x24b, 640x480x24b
  The '805 is a further development of the '801 chipset, optimized for EISA
  and local buses, and with more memory to allow hi-color and true-color
  modes at higher resolutions.  Like the '801, it's a 32-bit DRAM design.

* S3: 87C911
  1280x1024x4b*, 1024x768x8b, 800x600x15b, 640x480x24b
  This is the original S3 accelerator chipset.  It provides very good all-
  around performance, and is widely used in accelerator boards such as the
  Diamond Stealth.  For better performance, look for the newer '801 or '928
  chipsets, though.

* S3: 87C924
  1280x1024x4b*, 1024x768x8b, 800x600x15b, 640x480x24b
  The '924 is an updated version of the original S3 '911 chipset.  Its
  performance is only somewhat improved over the original chipset (and less
  so than the '801 and '928), but it has some hardware bugs fixed (these bugs
  were previously worked around by the Windows drivers).

* S3: 87C928
  1280x1024x15b*, 1024x768x24b, 800x600x24b, 640x480x24b
  The '928 is a high-end version of the '805 chipset, intended for ISA as
  well as EISA and local buses, and supporting up to 4 MB of VRAM for true
  color at high resolutions.

* Texas Instruments: TMS 34010
  4096x4096x24b  [the TMS34010 chipset effectively does not limit resolution]
  The TMS34010 is a true coprocessed card instead of a fixed-function
  accelerator.  As it's design is not optimized for Windows, it is at its
  best in CAD applications and similar, which can take advatage of its
  display list processing capabilities.  It provides very good Windows
  performance, but at a very high price point.  Check performance of the
  specific model before buying, though -- the drivers are developed by
  individual vendors, and can have a trememndous impact on TMS34010
  perforomance.

* Texas Instruments: TMS 34020
  4096x4096x24b  [the TMS34020 chipset effectively does not limit resolution]
  The TMS34020 is a 200 MHz 32-bit implementation of the original 100 MHz 16-
  bit TMS 34010.  It can provide outstanding Windows performance (on par with
  the ATI Ultra Pro), but it does so at a very high price point.  The chipset
  is worth considering mainly if you also use your system for CAD.

* Video 7: HT216
  1280x1024x4b*, 1024x768x8b, 800x600x15b, 640x480x15b
  Video 7's first accelerator chipset is an inexpensive design which provides
  middling performance, on par with the Compaq 128084 and the Weitek 5186.

* Western Digital: WD90C31
  1280x1024x4b*, 1024x768x8b, 800x600x15b, 640x480x15b
  Western Digital's new chipset is used by a number of display adapters,
  including the Paradise Windows Accelerator and the Diamond Speedstar 24x.
  While the chipset benchmarks moderately well (slotting between ATI's and
  S3's first- and second-generation chipsets), it has worse-than-expected
  real life performance, especially in scrolling.  The current drivers are
  also quite buggy and unreliable.

* Western Digital: WD90C33
  1280x1024x8b, 1024x768x15b, 800x600x24b, 640x480x24b
  WD's second generation design will be targeted at local bus designs, and
  will attempt to improve performance with more accelerated operations and a
  32-bit design (instead of the 32-bit/16-bit hybrid design in the WD90C31).

* Weitek: W5186
  1024x768x8b, 800x600x8b, 640x480x8b
  Weitek's initial foray into accelerator chipsets does not provide stellar
  performance, largely since the accelerated operations are limited to
  BitBlits and line drawing.  An 16-bit/8-bit internal design and a lack of
  support for more than 256 colors don't add to the attraction of the W5186
  chipset.

* Weitek: W5286
  1280x1024x4b*, 1024x768x8b, 800x600x15b, 640x480x24b
  The upcoming second-generation Weitek chipset will attempt to correct some
  of the problems of the W5186, using a 32-bit/8-bit internal design, true-
  color support (albeit only at low resolutions) and accelerated color
  expansion and pattern fills.  It looks doubtful, though, that the W5286
  would significantly surpass the top first-generation accelerators (such as
  the ATI Ultra and S3 87C911), let alone match the latest performers.

---------------------------------------------------------------------------

4.3.  System BIOS compatability
===============================
  A number of different computers have BIOS incompatabilities with Windows
  3.1.  The following list contains BIOSes with such problems.  Contact you
  manufacturer for an update if you have one of these systems.

     Manufacturer         Version   Problem
     ALR        MPS       Incompatible with Seagate IDE disks
     AMI        1987      Floppy access causes reboot
     AMI        1989      Intermittent crashes
     AMI        1991      Serial port problems for versions prior to 1991-07-
                          07
     AST        Premium/286    Crashes, keyboard lockups and network errors
     Award BIOS <= 3.04   Floppy read errors before version 3.05
     DTK BIOS   <= 34     No IDE drive support
     DTK BIOS   36        Setup utilities must be disabled
     Peak BIOS  1.10      1.30 or newer is required
     Phoenix BIOS         <= 1987   1988 or newer is required
     Quadtel BIOS         <= 3.04   3.05 or newer is required
     Tandon     All       Old BIOSes cause keyboard failures
     Toshiba    T3100/20  BIOS 4.2 is required
     Toshiba    T3100e    BIOS 1.7 is required
     Wyse       All       Setup detects 101 keyboard as 84
     Zenith     286       Keyboard problems
     Zenith     386/16    BIOS 2.6E or newer is required
     Zenith     TurboSportBIOS 2.4D or newer is required

  The BIOS name and version number (or date) are usually displayed when the
  system boots.  As an alternative, you can use msd.exe, a DOS-based
  diagnostic utility included with Windows 3.1, to determine the BIOS your
  system is using.  Also, there are several diagnostic utilities available in
  wuarchive's /mirrors/msdos/info directory: sysch233, sysid602 and ifp1p155.

---------------------------------------------------------------------------

4.4.  Video drivers
===================


...........................................................................

4.4.1.  Identifying your video card
-----------------------------------
  The first step in finding the correct Windows drivers for your video card
  is to determine the type of card you have.  First, you may have a "brand-
  name" card; if so, your box and/or documentation will ientify the type of
  card.  Second, you can look at the BIOS message (if any) displayed when you
  boot your system.  Third, you can open up your system, and look for
  identification on the card itself -- usually either printed on the card
  itself or on some of the integrated circuits.

  As an alternative, you can use msd.exe, a DOS-based diagnostic utility
  included with Windows 3.1, to determine the manufacturer and type of video
  card in your system.  Also, two utilities available from wuarchive, atmem10
  and vgautils (in directory /mirrors/msdos/vga) may help you identify your
  video card.

  See the following section on locating a video card driver for a listing of
  possible names to look for.

...........................................................................

4.4.2.  Locating a driver
-------------------------
  Once you have identified your card, you are ready to begin searching for
  the right driver.  First, check whether Windows includes the driver you are
  searching for (Windows 3.1 includes generic VGA (640x480x16) and SuperVGA
  (800x600x16) drivers, as well as numerous specific drivers).  Second, look
  at the diskettes you received in the video card package.  These may contain
  the appropriate driver, saving you from a further search.

  If neither Windows nor the diskettes have the drivers, or they are out of
  date, you may wish to check ftp.cica.indiana.edu for the latest one.  If
  there are none at cica, you can try one of the following:
     * Contact your dealer
     * Call the video card manufacturer
     * Download the latest driver from the manufacturer's BBS
     * Download the latest driver from the Microsoft BBS (206-936-6735)

  Note that Windows 3.1 drivers are normally dated after the release date of
  Windows 3.1 itself (April 6, 1992).

...........................................................................

4.4.3.  Video card manufacturers
--------------------------------
  The following is a partial list of video display hardware vendors who
  support using Windows with their products.  CAUTION:  The numbers listed
  may not, by the time you read this, be up to date!

     Ahead Systems                      510-623-0961
     Appian Technology                       206-649-5363
     ATI Technologies                        416-756-4591
     Boca Research                      407-241-1601
     Diamond Computer                        408-730-1100
     Everex Systems                     510-226-9694
     Focus Information                       510-657-9451
     Headland Technology                Video Seven    510-656-0503
     Matrox Electronic                       514-685-6008
     Micro-Labs                         312-648-6008
     Micron Technology                       208-368-2130
     National Design                         512-343-5054
     NEC            NEC                 512-832-1962
     Nth Graphics   Nth Graphics        512-832-1962
     Number Nine Computer               Number Nine    617-862-7502
     Orchid Technology                  Orchid    510-683-0327
     Panacea        WinSpeed            603-432-5193
     Sigma Designs  Sigma               510-770-0111
     STB Systems    STB                 214-437-9615
     Tecmar         Tecmar              216-349-0853
     Trident Microsystems               Trident   415-691-1016
     ViewSonic      ViewSonic           213-944-2195

  The following vendors do not provide BBS access, but do make updates
  available on CompuServe, in the forum indicated.

     Tseng Laboratories                 ET3000, ET4000 WINADV

...........................................................................

4.4.4.  Using 256 (or more) colors in Windows
---------------------------------------------
  In order to use more than 16 colors in Windows, your display card and its
  driver must first support 256 colors.  Second, your application must know
  about 256 colors in order to take advantage of this feature, as this
  requires palette switching and some additional programming.  Many
  applications currently on the market only support 16 colors.

  In order to get 256 colors, your video card will need at least 320K (for
  640x480), 512K (for 800x600) or 768K (for 1024x768) of RAM.  For most video
  cards, 256-color drivers are also much slower than 16-color drivers.  Some
  video cards support 15-bit (32,768 colors) or 24-bit (16,777,216 colors)
  video; these can also be used in Windows given the appropriate display
  driver and sufficient video memory.

...........................................................................

4.4.5.  Panacea Winspeed
------------------------
  One alternative to the specific manufacturer-supplied drivers is to use
  Panacea's Winspeed drivers.  These drivers often provide a substantial
  speed improvement over vendor-supplied drivers, although some vendors have
  highly optimized drivers which can meet or exceed Winspeed's performance.

...........................................................................

4.4.6.  CGA drivers
-------------------
  Windows 3.1 does not include CGA drivers, as the recommended minimum for
  running Windows 3.1 is EGA.  If you need to run Windows on a CGA system,
  you can download the CGA drivers from the Microsoft BBS (206-936-6735).

---------------------------------------------------------------------------

4.5.  Printer drivers
=====================
  The following is a partial list of printer manufacturers who support using
  Windows with their products.  CAUTION:  The numbers listed may not, by the
  time you read this, be up to date!

     Canon          Canon               516-488-6528
     Lexmark        IBM laser printers  606-232-5653
     NEC            NEC                 508-635-6328
     Okidata        Okidata             800-654-3282
     Panasonic      Panasonic, Roland   201-863-7487

  The following vendors do not provide BBS access, but do make updates
  available on CompuServe, in the forum indicated.

     DEC            DEC                 DECPCI
     Varityper      Varityper           Desktop Publishing


...........................................................................

4.5.1.  Selecting a PostScript printer driver
---------------------------------------------
  If your PostScript printer model is not listed in the available printers
  listing, you should not choose the generic PostScript printer.  Microsoft
  advises that "if you select PostScript Printer, you may encounter problems
  when printing".  Instead, you may wish to try Apple LaserWriter as your
  first possibility.

...........................................................................

4.5.2.  Eliminating the Ctrl-D in PostScript output
---------------------------------------------------
  To prevent Windows from placing a Ctrl-D (printer reset) at the beginning
  of your PostScript output files, specify
     CtrlD=0
  in the [ModelName,Port] section of your win.ini file.

  Note that this method does not appear to work with the generic PostScript
  Printer driver.

...........................................................................

4.5.3.  EPS graphics print in portrait even on landscape pages
--------------------------------------------------------------
  If EPS (Encapsulated PostScript) graphics won't print correctly in
  landscape mode, try adding the following line to the [Model,Port] section
  of your win.ini file:

       LandscapeOrient=270


...........................................................................

4.5.4.  Hewlett-Packard DeskJet printing problems
-------------------------------------------------
  If you are getting incomplete pages printed on your DeskJet, make sure that
  there is the the entry
     PrtResFac=0
  in the [ModelName,Port] section for the DeskJet in your win.ini file.

  Note that only the drivers supplied by Hewlett-Packard support HP scalable
  fonts and/or color printing, and these do not currently support TrueType
  fonts.

---------------------------------------------------------------------------

4.6.  Math coprocessors and WIN87EM.DLL
=======================================
  Windows 3.x itself does not take advantage of a math coprocessor.  Windows
  applications, on the other hand, may or may not, depending on the
  application: for example, Excel will, while Word for Windows won't.  In
  general, an 80x87 chip gives the greates speedup for trigonometric/log type
  of calculations, and does not significantly improve graphics speed in most
  cases.

  The WIN87EM.DLL is a dynamic link library which provides floating-point
  emulation for Windows applications.  Any application which is capable of
  using an 80x87 will need this library on a machine without an 80x87.

---------------------------------------------------------------------------

4.7.  Multimedia
================


...........................................................................

4.7.1.  AdLib cards and .wav files
----------------------------------
  The standard AdLib driver supplied with Windows 3.1 is a MIDI-only driver
  and is not capable of playing .wav files.  You can add this capability,
  however, by installing the driver contained in adlibw.zip, available at ftp
  .cica.indiana.edu  and other sites.

...........................................................................

4.7.2.  Using MIDI cards with Windows 3.1
-----------------------------------------
  if your sound card plays MIDI files (such as canyon.mid), but none of the
  selections under Control Panel's Sound icon are available, your card/driver
  does not support wave files.  You will need either to add a wave driver for
  your card (if available -- contact your sound card manufacturer) or to get
  a card which supports wave drivers.

...........................................................................

4.7.3.  SoundBlaster Pro and Windows 3.1
----------------------------------------
  One of the most common symptoms of SoundBlaster Pro problems in Windows 3.1
  is a complete hang of the system on exit from Windows.  You need to use the
  SoundBlaster Pro drivers, not the SoundBlaster 1.5 drivers included with
  Windows 3.1.  The drivers shipped with SB Pro may be out of date, like
  those on Microsoft's BBS and on CompuServe (this may, however, have changed
  by the time you read this).  In any case, ftp.cica.indiana.edu has the set
  of updated drivers available as sounds/sbpw31.zip.  You can also get them
  from Creative Labs' BBS at [phone].

  Note that if you tell the driver to expect an IRQ other than the one the
  SoundBlaster Pro actually uses, Windows will complete the driver
  installation.  When you than try to play a .WAV file, Windows will not
  recognize any device capable of playing it.

...........................................................................

4.7.4.  Using the PC's built-in speaker
---------------------------------------
  Windows 3.1 does not contain a driver for playing sounds over the PC's
  built-in speaker, as the speaker is not quite standardized and not all
  machines would work as intended.  If you would like to try, however, you
  should get a copy of the speaker driver, contained in the self-extracting
  archive speaker.exe, available at Microsoft's BBS, ftp.cica.indiana.edu
  and other sites.

---------------------------------------------------------------------------

4.8.  System resources
======================
  Free system resources are things such as window handles and global memory
  block handles (handle is a Windows programming term, but it is basically an
  identifier for a window or any other global item.  Each window (dialog,
  icon, memory block, or whatever) requires a handle.

  Windows 3.0 has a limit of 64K of resources (32,768 handles), and Windows
  3.1 has a limit of 128K of resources (65,536 handles).  Windows NT does not
  have a global resource limit.

  You can't increase system resources by just adding more memory; the only
  real solution is to close some applications if you are running low.
  Windows 3.0 Program Manager was a resource hog, but the 3.1 version is much
  better.

  Some poorly-written applications will also not release all the resources
  they have grabbed when they exit.  You can check for this by checking the
  Free System Resources figure, starting up the application, working in it
  for some time, and then exiting.  If the Free System Resources figure is
  not the same as before you started, your application is not properly
  freeing its resources and it's time for you to call the vendor and
  complain!

---------------------------------------------------------------------------

4.9.  Networking
================


...........................................................................

4.9.1.  Compatible Networks
---------------------------
  The following networks have either been tested by Microsoft, or reported by
  Usenet users to be functional with Windows 3.x:

  Network           earliest version
  3Com 3 Plus           1.0
  3Com 3+Open           1.0
  Banyan Vines          4.0
  BW NFS                ?.?
  DEC PathWorks         4.0
  Frontier Tech Super-TCP    1.0    [Windows-based TCP/IP, SLIP and NFS]
  FTP NFS               ?.?  [Windows-based telnet application]
  IBM PC LAN            1.1  [except server]
  LAN Manager           1.0
  LAN Server            1.0
  LANtastic             4.0
  Novell Netware        2.15 [shell & utilities must be version 3.01]
  Sun PC-NFS            3.5  [must use interrupt 3 instead of 5]
  Wollongong NFS        2.0  [Windows-based telnet, FTP; include SLIP]

  Note that many NFS packages have difficulty with Windows for Workgroups due
  to a bug in WfW FindNext implementation; check with the vendor to determine
  whether their NFS implementation has a workaround available.

...........................................................................

4.9.2.  Novell's NWPOPUP utility won't initialize
-------------------------------------------------
  If you are running in 386 Enhanced mode, and the version of nwpopup.exe is
  dated earlier than 10 March, 1992, nwpopup.exe will not initialize properly
  under Windows 3.1.

  You may also try placing the following line in the [386Enh] section of your
  system.ini file:

     TimerCriticalSection=10000

  This increases the amount of time (milliseconds) before the critical
  section is timed out.

...........................................................................

4.9.3.  Using Windows for Workgroups with TCP/IP
------------------------------------------------
  Microsoft does not officially support using Windows for Workgroups with
  TCP/IP.  However, it's possible to use your existing TCP/IP protocol with a
  shared NDIS protocol stack.  This will allow you to access NFS and TCP/IP
  (telnet and ftp) as usual, but with full Windows for Workgroups
  functionality available as well.  Unfortunately you will generally lose the
  Windows-specific capabilities of your NFS software (such as mounting NFS
  drives from File Manager).

  See the following sections for examples of how to set up Windows for
  Workgroups with a TCP/IP and NFS-based network.



4.9.3.1.  FTP TCP/IP: general
  With FTP's TCP/IP, you will need to set up Windows for Workgroups to use
  the NDIS stack (see the Wollongong section for a sample protocol.ini); your
  TCP/IP can be set up as usual, using the NDIS protocol stack.  In addition,
  you will need to get a copy of the file wfwftp.386 from FTP; this file
  corrects the FindNext problem with Windows for Workgroups.  Copy this file
  to your system directory, and add the following line to the [386Enh]
  section of your system.ini file:

     device=wfwftp.386

  Thanks to Sue Youshock Pruyn and Larry Backman at FTP Software.


4.9.3.2.  FTP TCP/IP: NDIS setup
  The following example has been tested and is known to work with PC/TCP.
  Note that this example does not include the usual config.sys options such
  as device=himem.sys; you can add these as usual.

  Thanks to Sue Youshock Pruyn at FTP Software.

* config.sys
  device=c:\usr\windows\protman.dos /i:c:\usr\windows
  device=c:\usr\windows\workgrp.sys
  device=c:\usr\windows\enlkii.dos
  device=c:\pctcp\dis_pkt.gup

* autoexec.bat
  REM Note that the Microsoft net start command is used instead
  REM of the PC/TCP netbind.exe command.

  c:\usr\windows\net start
  c:\usr\windows\netbeui
  c:\pctcp\ethdrv

* protocol.ini
  [network.setup]
  version=0x3100
  netcard=ms$elnkii,1,MS$ELNKII
  transport=ms$netbeui,MS$NETBEUI
  lana0=ms$elnkii,1,ms$netbeui

  [protman]
  DriverName=PROTMAN$
  PRIORITY=MS$NETBEUI

  [MS$ELNKII]
  DriverName=ELNKII$
  INTERRUPT=3
  IOADDRESS=0x300
  MAXTRANSMITS=12
  TRANSCEIVER=onboard

  [MS$NETBEUI]
  DriverName=netbeui$
  SESSIONS=10
  NCBS=32
  BINDINGS=MS$ELNKII
  LANABASE=0

  [PKTDRV]
  DRIVERNAME=PKTDRV$
  BINDINGS=MS$ELNKII
  INTVEC=0X65


4.9.3.3.  FTP TCP/IP: generic DOS kernel setup
  The following example has been tested and is known to work with PC/TCP.
  Note that this example does not include the usual config.sys options such
  as device=himem.sys; you can add these as usual.

  Thanks to Sue Youshock Pruyn at FTP Software and Juha Petj
  <[e-mail]>.

* config.sys
  device=c:\usr\windows\protman.dos /i:c:\usr\windows
  device=c:\usr\windows\workgrp.sys
  device=c:\usr\windows\elnk3.dos
  device=c:\usr\windows\msipx.sys
  device=c:\pctcp\dis_pkt.gup

* autoexec.bat
  REM Note that the Microsoft net start command is used instead
  REM of the PC/TCP netbind.exe command.
  set pctcp=c:\pctcp\pctcp.ini
  c:\usr\windows\net start
  c:\usr\windows\msipx
  c:\usr\windows\netx
  c:\pctcp\ethdrv -t 8

* protocol.ini
  [network.setup]
  version=0x3100
  netcard=ms$elnkii,1,MS$ELNKII
  transport=ms$netbeui,MS$NETBEUI
  lana0=ms$elnkii,1,ms$netbeui

  [protman]
  DriverName=PROTMAN$
  PRIORITY=MS$NETBEUI

  [MS$ELNKII]
  DriverName=ELNKII$
  INTERRUPT=3
  IOADDRESS=0x300
  MAXTRANSMITS=12
  TRANSCEIVER=onboard

  [MS$NETBEUI]
  DriverName=netbeui$
  SESSIONS=10
  NCBS=32
  BINDINGS=MS$ELNKII
  LANABASE=0

  [PKTDRV]
  DRIVERNAME=PKTDRV$
  BINDINGS=MS$ELNKII
  INTVEC=0X65


4.9.3.4.  WinQVT/Net
  The following example has been tested and is known to work with WinQVT/Net.
  Note that this example does not include the usual config.sys options such
  as device=himem.sys; you can add these as usual.

* config.sys
  device=C:\usr\windows\protman.dos /i:C:\usr\windows
  device=C:\usr\windows\workgrp.sys
  device=C:\usr\windows\ne2000.dos
  device=c:\usr\windows\dis_pkt.dos
  device=C:\usr\windows\msipx.sys


* autoexec.bat
  pktint
  C:\usr\windows\net start
  C:\usr\windows\msipx
  C:\usr\windows\netx
  REM The next line may or may not be necessary
  winpkt 0x61 0x62

* protocol.ini
  [network.setup]
  version=0x3100
  netcard=ms$ne2clone,1,MS$NE2CLONE
  transport=ms$netbeui,MS$NETBEUI
  transport=ms$ipx,MS$IPX
  lana0=ms$ne2clone,1,ms$ipx
  lana1=ms$ne2clone,1,ms$netbeui


  [protman]
  DriverName=PROTMAN$
  PRIORITY=MS$NETBEUI

  [MS$NE2CLONE]
  DriverName=MS2000$
  IOBASE=0x300
  INTERRUPT=3

  [PKTDRV]
  drivername=pktdrv$
  bindings=ms$ne2clone
  intvec=0x62
  chainvec=0x66

  [MS$NETBEUI]
  DriverName=netbeui$
  SESSIONS=10
  NCBS=32
  BINDINGS=MS$NE2CLONE
  LANABASE=1

  [MS$IPX]
  DriverName=IPX$
  MediaType=Novell/Ethernet
  BINDINGS=MS$NE2CLONE



4.9.3.5.  Wollongong Pathway Access/NFS
  The following example has been tested and is known to work with
  Wollongong's Access TCP/IP and NFS product, and SMC' 8013EP network card.
  If you are using BW, Sun, FTP or some other vendor's software, you will
  likely need to modify some of the driver names and options, and you will
  definitely need to adapt the network card selection and configuration to
  match yours.  Note that this example does not include the usual config.sys
  options such as device=himem.sys; you can add these as usual.

  Thanks to Ron Olsthoorn at Wollongong Canada.

* config.sys
  stacks = 9,256
  device = c:\usr\windows\protman.dos /i:c:\usr\windows
  device = c:\usr\windows\workgrp.sys
  device = c:\usr\windows\smcmac.dos

* autoexec.bat
  rem The following line configures Pathway Access to interrupt 65
  pwconfig -n:65
  c:\usr\pathway\ndis -d:3 -i:A
  c:\usr\windows\net start
  c:\usr\pathway\pwtcp
  c:\usr\pathway\nfs
  c:\usr\pathway\mount u:  \\servername\\/u/joeuser

* protocol.ini
  [network.setup]
  version=0x3100
  netcard=ms$w13ep,1,MS$W13EP
  transport=ms$netbeui,MS$NETBEUI
  lana0=ms$w13ep,1,ms$netbeui

  [protman]
  DriverName=PROTMAN$
  Priority=MS$NETBEUI

  [MS$W13EP]
  DriverName=SMCMAC$
  IRQ=10
  RAMAddress=0xC800
  IOBase=0x240
  ReceiveBufSize=1024

  [MS$NETBEUI]
  DriverName=netbeui$
  Sessions=10
  NCBS=32
  Bindings=MS$W13EP
  LANAbase=0


---------------------------------------------------------------------------

4.10.  Integrating with Unix e-mail
===================================
  In general, Windows-nbase email packages will not talk to Unix hosts over
  the network (unless you're using Microsoft's LAN Manager).  If you wish to
  use Windows-based email over a TCP/IP network, you need an SMTP-compatible
  email package such as Mail-It (from Unipalm Ltd., Cambridge, UK; +44 223
  42002; [e-mail] ) or Cinetic Mail Manager (from Cinetic Software,
  available as shareware).

---------------------------------------------------------------------------

4.11.  Serial communications
============================


...........................................................................

4.11.1.  Using COM3 and COM4
----------------------------
  This is a generally a problem only in 386 enhanced mode.  To use these
  ports, you will need to tell Windows where they are located.

  For Windows 3.1, you should run the MSD.EXE utility while outside Windows.
  This utility will allow you to determine your COM port configuration. After
  running MSD, use the Control Panel's Ports utility to tell Windows how your
  ports are configured.

  For Windows 3.0, the instructions for doing this can be found in the
  Windows readme file sysini2.txt, which should be located in your Windows
  directory.  In summary, what you need to do is tell Windows what memory
  addresses and interrupts (IRQs) your COM3 and COM4 ports use.  This should
  work, but is not guaranteed to: COM3 and Com4 are not standardized, and
  this is one of the most difficult things to get working with Windows.  If
  possible, move your devices to COM1 or COM2.

  If the port still does not work after specifying the correct IRQ and memory
  address for the port, there is another possibile solution: Assuming the
  ports work OK from plain DOS, try setting up COM3.OS2 (or COM4.OS2) instead
  of the usual COM3 or COM4.  The Windows 3.0 manual says this is just for
  OS/2 machines, but it seems to work for many clones.

  Also note that due to interrupt conflicts, machines without an EISA or
  Microchannel bus are generally not able to use both COM1 and COM3, or COM2
  and COM4 simultaneously.

  Finally, some video accelerator cards, such as the ATI Vantage and Ultra
  series, and the S3 89C911-based cards, use the address normally assigned to
  COM4, preventing you from using this port number.

...........................................................................

4.11.2.  Using a high-performance 16550 serial port
---------------------------------------------------
  You can use a 16550-based serial card, or upgrade your serial card to use a
  16550 chip instead of an 8250 or 16450 (get the 16550AFN if you're buying a
  chip only) to improve Windows serial communication performance.  This is
  most noticeable at 9600+ baud rates using advanced protocols such as
  Zmodem.

  If you use a Windows-base communications package, the 16550 is
  automatically enabled.  You can disable it, however, by setting
       COMxFIFO=off
  in the [386Enh] section of your system.ini file, where x is your serial
  port number (1 to 4).

...........................................................................

4.11.3.  DOS boxes and 16550 serial ports
-----------------------------------------
  For DOS-based applications, the use of the 16550 serial port chip (and its
  built-in FIFO buffers) is not enabled by default.  What you need to do is
  set
       COMxBuff=off
  in the [386Enh] section of your system.ini file, where x is your serial
  port number (1 to 4).  This will disable Windows' buffering of that serial
  port, and allow the DOS app to access it directly.  This is not recommended
  for use with Windows-based communication packages!

  Another alternative is to use chcomb.386 (replace the device=*combuff line
  in the system.ini file with device=chcomb.386), a shareware device driver
  which allows you to use a 16550 for both WIndows and DOS applications.

...........................................................................

4.11.4.  SmartDrive and 16550 high-speed transfers
--------------------------------------------------
  If you use SmartDrive with Windows 3.1, disk writes are cached by default.
  While this is generally a good idea, this causes a problem with high-speed
  downloads, since SmartDrive turns off all interrupts when it is performing
  the delayed disk write.  Since the interrupts are turned off, you may lose
  a packet whenever the disk light goes on!

  The easiest workaround is to disable write caching for your download drive.

---------------------------------------------------------------------------

4.12.  Disk drives and virtual memory
=====================================


...........................................................................

4.12.1.  Virtual memory and swapfiles
-------------------------------------
  The type of swapfile you select for running in 386 Enhanced mode can have a
  significant impact on your performance within Windows.

  If you have 12 MB or more of memory, you should likely disable swapping
  completely; this provides substantially better performance than either
  permanent or temporary swapfiles.  You may also be able to do this with 8
  MB, depending on the size of your disk cache and the number of applications
  (especially DOS applications) you run simultaneously.

  If you determine that you do need a swapfile, you should usually use a
  permanent one.  Permanent swapfiles allow Windows to start up much faster
  than temporary ones, which must be recreated every time you start Windows.
  Permanent swapfiles, however, require contiguous (unfragmented) disk space;
  you may need to compress your disk, using a tool such as Norton SpeedDisk
  or PC Tools first.

...........................................................................

4.12.2.  Maximum swapfile size
------------------------------
  Windows 3.1 determines your virtual memory limit by rounding the amount of
  RAM on your system to the nearest 4 MB, multiplying by 4, and then
  subtracting the amount of the system RAM from the total.  This is then the
  maximum amount of virtual memory (swapfile size) you can use, provided you
  have sufficient unfragmented hard disk space (see previous section).

  The multiplier of 4 is a default that can be changed by using a

       PageOverCommit=

  setting in the [386Enh] section of the system.ini file.  The multiplier can
  be from 1 to 20.

...........................................................................

4.12.3.  Windows 3.x and Stacker
--------------------------------
  Stacker 2.0 works well with Windows 3.0 and 3.1.  You should, however,
  follow the guidelines below for using Stacker with Windows:

     * Never place a permanent swapfile on a stacked disk.
     * Never place a temporary swapfile on a stacked disk.
     * Never use SmartDrive to cache the stacked volume
     * Do use SmartDrive to cache the unstacked volume containing the stacked
       volume
     * Place SmartDrive before Stacker in your autoexec.bat

  To enhance your memory usage, you may wish to stack your RAMdrive to
  provide additional room for temporary files (such as the Print Manager's
  spool files).

  Note:     Beware that although Stacker will assume that it can compress
       your data to provide 2x the physical storage capacity, it cannot
       guarantee that, and placing your temporary files on a stacked drive
       (whether a disk drive or a RAMdrive) may cause the stacked drive to
       run out of room unexpectedly if the compression ratio does not reach
       2x (you may wish to read up on this in your Stacker documentation).
       If this happens, Windows will experience a catastrophic disk error --
       and I think we can all agree that that's not a pleasant experience!

...........................................................................

4.12.4.  SCSI controllers
-------------------------
  If you have a bus-mastering SCSI adapter such as the Adaptec 1542, you
  should be installing the aspi4dos.sys ASPI driver (provided with your
  controller, or available from Adaptec's BBS at [phone]) as the first
  device in your config.sys.  Using the ASPI driver drops the requirement for
  SmartDrive descrivbed below.

  Normally, in 386 enhanced mode, Windows 3.x supports only ST-506, ESDI and
  IDE disk controllers.  If you have a SCSI controller, you need to load
  SmartDrive in order to allow Windows to recognize your hard disk -- and
  with Windows 3.1, you should use the /double_buffer option (see the next
  section).  Do not disable double buffering in a bus-mastering SCSI drive
  unless you're using the ASPI driver described above.

  As a third alternative, you may insert the following line in your
  system.ini file, in the [386enh] section:
       VirtualHDIRQ=off

  Finally, some people report having problems with permanent swapfiles on
  SCSI drives using Windows 3.0.

...........................................................................

4.12.5.  SmartDrive double buffering on SCSI drives
---------------------------------------------------
  When you install WIndows 3.1 on a system with a SCSI drive, it
  automatically adds the line

       device=c:\usr\windows\smartdrv.exe /double_buffer

  to your config.sys.  To determine whether you actually need double
  buffering, run SmartDrive again from the command line to check on its
  status.  Typically, the initial display would be similar to the one below:

       Microsoft SMARTDrive Disk Cache version 4.0
       Copyright 1991,1992 Microsoft Corp.

       Cache size: 1,048,576 bytes
       Cache size while running Windows: 1,048,576 bytes

                   Disk Caching Status
       drive   read cache   write cache   buffering
       --------------------------------------------
         A:       yes           no           no
         B:       yes           no           no
         C:       yes           yes          -

       For help, type "Smartdrv /?".

  Here SmartDrive has not yet determined whether double buffering is
  necessary or not.  To force SmartDrive to make up its mind, run two
  simultaneous DOS sessions from within Windows, and do some disk accessing
  from each.  After this, SmartDrive should be able to determine the need for
  double buffering.  If the double buffering is not required, the display
  will be similar to the one below:

       Microsoft SMARTDrive Disk Cache version 4.0
       Copyright 1991,1992 Microsoft Corp.

       Cache size: 1,048,576 bytes
       Cache size while running Windows: 1,048,576 bytes

                   Disk Caching Status
       drive   read cache   write cache   buffering
       --------------------------------------------
         A:       yes           no           no
         B:       yes           no           no
         C:       yes           yes          no

       For help, type "Smartdrv /?".

  If this is the case, you can remove the SmartDrive line from your
  config.sys.

...........................................................................

4.12.6.  Windows 3.x and large hard disks
-----------------------------------------
  In rare cases, there are problems with using Windows 3.0 on large hard
  disks.  Your system may be at risk if:

  * You are using third-party partitioning software, such as:
       * Disk Manager (dmdrv.bin)
       * InnerSpace (edvr.sys)
       * SpeedStor (sstor.sys or hardrive.sys)
       * Vfeatures Deluxe (fixt_drv.sys)
  * and you are using SmartDrive (smartdrv.sys) as your disk cache
  * and your hard disk has more than 1023 cylinders

  If your hard disk has fewer than 1024 cylinders, you may still be at risk
  if the first two conditions hold true, you are using DOS 3.30 or later, and
  your hard disk is not supported by your BIOS.  To avoid problems, you can
  either stop using SmartDrive, or reformat your disk using the DOS FDISK
  utility.

  There are no problems with large partitions created by the FDISK program
  included with MS-DOS 4.0 and some versions of MS-DOS 3.3.

  If you are still having problems, call Microsoft Technical Support at (206)
  454-2030.

---------------------------------------------------------------------------

4.13.  Troubleshooting
======================
  One essential tool for troubleshooting Windows 3.x problems is Microsoft's
  Windows Resource Toolkit.  This combination of a comprehensive reference
  and some utility tools is priced at around $30, and can't be beat for
  value.  If you are responsible for keeping a number of Windows systems
  running, run, don't walk, to the nearest phone and order it now!

  The toolkit is also freely available in Word for Windows format from
  ftp.cica.indiana.edu (and its mirror sites); while this version is
  complete, it is large, and will take significant time to ftp and download
  (not to mention print!).

...........................................................................

4.13.1.  BMP wallpaper won't display correctly
----------------------------------------------
  Some of the possible reasons are:

     * Your .bmp file is corrupted.  Try reading it into Paintbrush to verify
       that it is readable.
     * You are trying to display a bitmap with more colors than your video
       driver supports for example, 256 colors with a 16-color driver, or 16M
       colors with a 256-color driver).
     * You have insufficient memory to display the bitmap.  A 800x600x16
       bitmap requires 256K of memory; 1024x768x256 would require 768K!

  For 256-to-16 color dithering, you may try using a utility such as
  PaintShop Pro.

...........................................................................

4.13.2.  Frequent GPFs (General Protection Faults)
--------------------------------------------------
  If you are experiencing frequent Windows 3.1 crashes, try starting Windows
  with the command
       win /d:xsv

  If the GPFs do not appear, add the line
       VirtualHDIRQ=off
  to the [386Enh] section of your system.ini file.  If the GPFs contine, try
       win /d:xs

  If the GPFs do not appear, add the line
       SystemROMBreakPoint=false
  to the [386Enh] section of your system.ini file.  If the GPFs contine, try
       win /d:x

  If the GPFs do not appear, add the line
       EMMExclude=A000-EFFF
  to the [386Enh] section of your system.ini file.  While this will get
  Windows running more reliably, you should probably try to narrow down the
  range of memory that actually has to be excluded.

...........................................................................

4.13.3.  File Manager won't format floppies
-------------------------------------------
  If you are having trouble formatting floppies from File Manager, try adding
  one or more
       DEVICE=DRIVER.SYS /D:# /F:#
  lines to your config.sys; see your DOS manual for details.

...........................................................................

4.13.4.  Incorrect system version; reinstall the 386 enhanced version of
Windows
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
--
  If you get the above message when starting a DOS session, you are
  experiencing one of three potential problems:

     * You are using a display driver written for Windows 3.0.  Updating it to
       a 3.1 compatible version  should make the problem disappear.

     * Your display card selection is not consistent: the display.drv=,
       386Grabber= and display= selections in your system.ini may not be
       consistent with each other.  Use setup to install a fresh set of
       display drivers from the original distribution diskettes.

     * Your winoa386.mod driver (in your system directory) may be out of date.
       If that file's date is earlier than win386.exe, use the expand command
       to get a new copy of winoa386.mod from your original Windows
       diskettes.

...........................................................................

4.13.5.  Mouse hangs when using communications software
-------------------------------------------------------
  This problem is usually caused by a mouse and a modem being on the same
  serial port pair (either COM1/COM3, or COM2/COM4).  Each pair shares a
  common interrupt due to restrictions of the original IBM PC architecture,
  and so can not be used simultaneously.

  If you are experiencing this problem, you should move either your modem or
  mouse a different serial port.

...........................................................................

4.13.6.  Parity errors with Windows 3.1
---------------------------------------
  Parity errors are real, and detected reliably by Windows 3.1 (Windows 3.0
  ignored them for the most part).  Unfortunately most memory test programs
  do not properly test 32-bit memory accesses, and thus do not detect all
  possible memory problems.  Environments such as Windows 3.1, Windows NT,
  Unix, Xenix and OS/2 2.0, however, do exercise this aspect -- and, as a
  result, report memory problems where the memory testers don't catch them.

  Below are some of the possible causes for parity errors, in approximate
  order of likelyhood:
     * Defective memory module
     * 80ns memory where 70ns is required
     * Two different speeds of memory modules
     * DMA or memory conflicts
     * Outdated BIOS
     * Defective DMA on the CPU chip

  If you're willing to play with fire and gasoline (if, for example, you have
  8-bit memory with no parity bit), you can disable parity checking by
  removing or commenting out the following line in the [386Enh] section of
  your system.ini file:

       device=*parity

  Note that this will disable your parity checking completely and may cause
  unexpected crashes or errors if your memory has parity errors!

...........................................................................

4.13.7.  Performance deterioration in a 386 Enhanced mode DOS session
---------------------------------------------------------------------
  The most likely cause of this type of a problem is slow memory.  If your
  onboard memory is accessed with basically no wait states, but you have a
  slower memory expansion card, your machine will run slower whenever it is
  using those higher memory addresses.  This will generally happen when you
  start a DOS session, and often result in 30-50% performance reductions
  using various benchmarks.  The performance is actually also reduced within
  Windows, but it's difficult to notice this due to the lack of a suitable
  benchmark.  The proper cure for this problem is to either upgrade your
  memory expansion card, or to correct whatever problem is causing your
  machine to access extended memory with such poor problem.

  DOS application performace is also degraded by using a .PIF file (such as
  the default .PIF) with the Monitor Ports option enabled, but to a much
  smaller degree.  With Monitor Ports disabled, DOS session performance
  should be within 5-10% of the performance under bare DOS.

...........................................................................

4.13.8.  Problems creating a permanent swapfile in Windows 3.0
--------------------------------------------------------------
  First of all, you must be running in real mode to be able to create a
  permanent swapfile.   Second, You must not have any SUBSTed drives or
  Windows won't create the swapfile.  Once the swapfile has been created, you
  can re-SUBST your drives (although the use of SUBST is not recommended in
  general).  You also can't create a permanent swapfile on a drive
  partitioned with third-party software such as SpeedStor.

  If you are installing on a Novell client, you must first disable the
  receive network messages feature (using the network icon in the Control
  Panel) and reboot.  Once you have installed the swapfile, turn messages
  back on again.

...........................................................................

4.13.9.  Program Manager claims only 8 KB of free memory
--------------------------------------------------------
  In Windows 3.1, it is possible that Program Manager (and other Windows 3.1
  programs) will claim that you have only 8 KB memory when you really have 8
  MB (that is, it chops off the kilobytes part and displays only megabytes --
  but with "KB" after the figure).

  This is caused by a null thousands separator in Control Panel's
  International settings.  Set the
  separator to either blank or some character to restore correct behaviour.

...........................................................................

4.13.10.  Using a slow expansion memory board with Windows
----------------------------------------------------------
  If some of your memory is on a slower memory expansion board (such as a
  standard ISA bus memory board, operating at 8 MHz in a 33 MHz system, you
  may experience serious performance deterioration as soon as Windows starts
  using the slower memory on the expansion board.  (For example, see section
  Performance deterioration in a 386 Enhanced mode DOS session.)

  Unfortunately Windows 3.1 does not allow you to specify memory ranges to be
  used for a RAMdisk or disk cache, and thus you can't control which memory
  gets used first.  In this case, the best solution is to use QEMM-386, which
  allows you to do just that.  Place your RAMdisk and disk cache in the slow
  memory (they will not suffer a significant performance drop), and leave the
  fast memory on the motherboard available for Windows' use.

...........................................................................

4.13.11.  Windows 3.0 refuses to run without a file called WINA20.386
---------------------------------------------------------------------
  Quoting from the MS-DOS 5.0 readme.txt file:

  4.3 WINA20.386 File

  Setup installs a read-only file named WINA20.386 in your root directory.
  If you move the WINA20.386 file to a different directory, do the following:
       * Add a SWITCHES=/W command to your CONFIG.SYS file.
       * Add a DEVICE=[drive:][path]]WINA20.386 command to the [386Enh]
          section of your Windows system.ini file.

  Windows 3.1 does not require this file to be present.

...........................................................................

4.13.12.  Windows 3.1 hangs or crashes during startup
-----------------------------------------------------
  Try starting Windows with the command line
       win /b

  If it repeats the same crash or hang, take a look at the file bootlog.txt
  in your Windows directory.  It will have two lines such as
       LoadStart = SYSTEM.DRV
  and
       LoadSuccess = SYSTEM.DRV
  for every driver succesfully loaded; the culprit driver will show a line
  such as
       LoadFail = WIN3-64S.DRV Failure code is 05

  If it's a standard Windows driver, try reloading it from diskettes;
  otherwise, for a third-party driver, try to locate an updated driver either
  from cica, your supplier or direct from the manufacturer.

...........................................................................

4.13.13.  Windows 3.1 hangs or waits a long time on exit
--------------------------------------------------------
  Windows 3.1 tries to reset the mouse driver on exit, and some IBM PS/2
  models have great difficulty with this procedure, timing out only after an
  extended wait.  In order to avoid the problem, add the line

       InitPS2MouseAtExit=False

  to the [386Enh] section of your system.ini file.

...........................................................................

4.13.14.  Windows 3.1 Resource Kit won't install
------------------------------------------------
  The most common WRK installation problem is an excessively long path.  If
  you have problems, try reducing the length of your path for the
  installation, and you should be OK.

...........................................................................

4.13.15.  Windows 3.x waits a long time on startup
--------------------------------------------------
  One possible reason is the use of a serial mouse on COM2 instead of COM1.
  If you have a serial mouse, Windows will first attempt to find it (with
  great persistence) on COM1, before it looks on COM2.  If your mouse is on
  COM2, move it to COM1.

  Using a temporary swapfile instead of a permanent one for 386 enhanced mode
  also slows down the startup process, but not to even nearly the same extent
  as the serial mouse problem.

  With Windows 3.0, it has also been reported that adding too many fonts
  through the Control Panel will drastically slow down the startup, and with
  both Windows 3.0 and 3.1, a very large number of ATM fonts will also slow
  down the startup process.

:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::


5.  WINDOWS AND DOS
===================


---------------------------------------------------------------------------

5.1.  Configuring DOS sessions
==============================


...........................................................................

5.1.1.  DOS in a window
-----------------------
  You can run a both the standard DOS command interpreter (command.com) and
  other DOS applications from within Windows.  In Real mode, you are limited
  to a single session.  In Standard mode, you can have multiple sessions, but
  they must still run full-screen.  In 386 Enhanced mode, you can have
  multiple sessions, and they can run in a window.

  You can control the starting up in a window vs. full-screen by setting up a
  .pif file for the program (command.com  or any other DOS program).  You
  canalso switch the state by pressing Alt+Enter.

...........................................................................

5.1.2.  Lotus 1-2-3 in Windows
------------------------------
  Lotus 1-2-3, versions 1.x, 2.x and 3.1 run in all modes, but do not support
  any of the features of the Windows environment.  For all intents and
  purposes, version 3.0 doesn't run under Windows.

  If you want to use a spreadsheet in the Windows environment, however, you
  will be best off buying a real Windows spreadsheet such as Excel, WingZ, CA
  Compete! or even 1-2-3 for Windows.

...........................................................................

5.1.3.  Reducing the amount of "jerkiness" in DOS window updating
-----------------------------------------------------------------
  Windows 3.1 updates the DOS windows by default every 50 ms.  To increase
  the update frequency, specify another update interval (such as 20 ms) by
  adding a line to the [386Enh] section of system.ini:

       WindowUpdateTime=20

  A smaller interval will provide smoother updates but impose a higher load
  on the system.

...........................................................................

5.1.4.  Extended memory in DOS sessions
---------------------------------------
  After you run Windows, a utility such as Norton SI will often report that
  you don't have any extended memory.  This is not a bug, but rather a result
  of the Windows memory management system..  Windows requires applications to
  access extended memory using one of two mechanisms, known as "XMS" and
  "DPMI".  These mechanism are implemented in himem.sys and emm386.exe.  If
  you have device=himem.sys in your config.sys, the first XMS call (by
  Windows or SmartDrive, for example) will transfer control of the extended
  memory to himem.sys, and thus make it inaccessible to non-XMS/non-DPMI
  applications.

...........................................................................

5.1.5.  Changing the font size for a DOS window
------------------------------------------------
  All video drivers updated for Windows 3.1 allow on-the-fly font changes; to
  get the same functionality using older 3.0 drivers (in Windows 3.1), add
  the line

       FontChangeEnable=1

  to the [NonWindowsApp] section of the system.ini file.  If you experience
  strange cursor behaviour or missing characters, remove the line from your
  system.ini.  There are also alternate Windows 3.0 DOS fonts available at
  ftp.cica.indiana.edu.

...........................................................................

5.1.6.  Changing the number of lines inr a DOS window
-----------------------------------------------------
  To use more than 25 lines in a DOS window, add the line

       ScreenLines=50

  to the [NonWindowsApp] section of the system.ini file.  If your screen
  doesn't quite fit 50 lines in a DOS window with a decent font, you may want
  to follow this procedure:
       * Use a VGA font editor (such as VFONT) to create a DOS VGA screen
          font with more than 25 lines.
       * Start up a DOS session (in a window)
       * In that window, change the font (and thus screen size) to your new
          font/size.  Voila!

...........................................................................

5.1.7.  Mouse in a DOS window
-----------------------------
  In Windows 3.0, if you are running a DOS application in a window, Windows
  will retain control of the mouse for cutting and pasting.  You can use a
  mouse in a full-screen DOS session if you install a mouse driver by running
  mouse.com (either before starting Windows, or inside the DOS session), or
  by including

       device=mouse.sys

  in your config.sys file. If you're running WordPerfect 5.1 inside Windows,
  WordPerfect must be started full-screen in order to detect the mouse.  Once
  it has started, you can use Alt+Enter to run in a window, if you wish.

  In Windows 3.1, the mouse will automatically work in a DOS window if you
  have a video driver which has been updated for 3.1.  Old 3.0 drivers do
  work, but they do not by default provide mouse functionality inside DOS
  windows, although you can force them to do so by adding the line

       MouseinDosBox=1

  to the [NonWindowsApp] section of the system.ini file.

  If you have a Microsoft mouse, you should use the mouse driver version
  8.20, included on the Windows 3.1 disks, named mouse.co_ and mouse.sy_.
  Expand these files using expand.exe (also included on the disks) before
  using them.

...........................................................................

5.1.8.  TSRs in DOS sessions
----------------------------
  Some TSR (Terminate and Stay Resident) programs will not work if you
  install them before running Windows.  Some of them will not work if you
  install them inside a DOS session.  Generally the best idea is to avoid
  TSRs completely unless you absolutely have to have them.
  See also the description of winstart.bat in the Windows *.txt files.


5.1.8.1.  VGA graphics in a windowed DOS session
  Windows 3.1 will support VGA graphics in a windows DOS session if you have
  the correct display driver.  True Windows 3.1 display drivers (such as the
  standard SuperVGA driver) will do this, but some partial implementations
  may not.

---------------------------------------------------------------------------

5.2.  Troubleshooting DOS applications
======================================


...........................................................................

5.2.1.  Out of Environment Space
--------------------------------
  When Windows starts up a DOS session, it by default gives it an environment
  of 224 bytes, or the space required to hold your current environment,
  whichever is larger.  If you need more space, there are two methods of
  circumventing this.  In order of desirability:

  *  Use a .pif file for each DOS application you run
      In this you can specify the environment size by using the /e:nnn option
     (see your DOS manual).  You will need a separate .pif file for each
     program (although in Windows 3.1 you can create a _default.pif, which is
     used by all DOS applications which do not have their own .pif files).
     You can just create a command.pif with a suitable /e:nnn, and then
     specify in the win.ini a line such as

       [Extensions]
       bat=command.pif ^.bat        // for DOS users
       ksh=sh.exe ^.ksh             // for MKS users

      With this, you can create batch file icons freely, and still get the
     options specified in command.pif or sh.pif.

  * Use a dummy variable
      By specifying a dummy variable (such as DUMMY1=xxxxx...)  before
     starting Windows, you can reserve some space in the environment.  Then,
     as the first thing in each command.com session, do

       set DUMMY1=

      to reclaim the space used by DUMMY1 for use by other environment
     variables.

...........................................................................

5.2.2.  Protected-mode software
-------------------------------
  Some protected-mode applications currently on the market still use an older
  extended memory interface called VCPI (Virtual Control Program Interface),
  which is incompatible with Windows' DPMI (DOS Protected Mode Interface).
  Microsoft went against an established standard in choosing DPMI, but there
  are valid technical reasons why VCPI was not chosen for Windows.

  At this point, you have three choices:

  * Run your protected-mode software under DOS
     This means that you must NOT use Windows or SmartDrive before running
     your VCPI software, and may require you to have two different config.sys
     files.

  * Plead with your software developer
     Call up the software vendor and ask them whether they are developing
     either a Windows-based version, or, at the minimum, one which uses DPMI
     instead of VCPI.  They should already be working on it anyway, given the
     momentum and market share that Windows 3.x has.

  * Buy QEMM/386 or 386Max
     Both of these packages provide VCPI.  You'll be able to run your
     protected-mode software as well as Windows 3.0 and 3.1.

...........................................................................

5.2.3.  Corrupted diskettes when copying files in a DOS session
---------------------------------------------------------------
  If you are getting corrupted diskettes with a 0xff as every other byte when
  copying files to a floppy within a DOS session, the most likely cause is an
  expansion board using the same memory area also used by Windows for EMM.
  You should check that you EMMExclude all areas used by your cards.
  The Video-7 1024 SVGA board needs a more radical measure: you need to
  change a jumper to do all ROM decoding in c000 - c7ff, and change a DIP
  switch to force 8-bit ROM access.

---------------------------------------------------------------------------

5.3.  DOS shells and extenders
==============================


...........................................................................

5.3.1.  QEMM/386 and DesqView/386
---------------------------------
  You can use versions 5.0 of QEMM/386 and below with real-mode Windows 3.0
  only.  However, QEMM/386, versions 5.1 and higher, provides XMS services
  for Windows, thus allowing Windows to run in all modes under QEMM/386, plus
  providing compatability with VCPI applications.

  Windows will run in Standard (Windows 3.0 and 3.1) and Real (3.0 only)
  modes as a DesqView/386 task.


...........................................................................

5.3.2.  MKS Toolkit: setting up
-------------------------------
  There are two possible problems with running Windows from the MKS Toolkit.
  First, with versions up to and including 3.1c of the Toolkit, the use of
  login.exe precludes the use of Windows 3.0 in any but the real mode.  To
  avoid this, have your machine boot directly into the Korn shell or
  command.com (you may use init.exe if you wish).

  Second, somebody at Microsoft had a brain fade, and Windows gets confused
  if it is started with a forward slash path.  Thus, if you simply type "win"
  in Korn shell, the shell invokes Windows with something like

       c:/usr/windows/win.com

  and Windows doesn't know where to find itself!  To cure this, specify a
  shell alias for Windows: I use

       alias -x win='c:\\usr\\windows\\win.com'

  Note that the double backslashes are necessary for the Korn shell, even
  inside the single quotes.

  The newer versions of MKS Toolkit allow (standard and 386 enhanced mode)
  Windows to run directly from the login: prompt; but they still won't let
  you run standard/386 enhanced Windows from the shell (if you used login).
  An updated version of init.exe is available from MKS for users of older
  versions of the MKS Toolkit.

...........................................................................

5.3.3.  MKS Toolkit: maximizing DOS session memory
--------------------------------------------------
  If you run MKS Toolkit by starting up init.exe from config.sys, and then
  starting the shell from /etc/inittab, you will likely find that there isn't
  much memory available in the DOS (shell) sessions you start from inside
  Windows.

  One way to address this is to start up Windows immediately upon booting,
  avoiding loading the shell into the valuable DOS low memory.  There are at
  least two ways of doing this cleanly:

  * As the last line in your profile.ksh, add the command

       exec c:\\windows\\win.com

      (or whatever the path is to your Windows directory).  Using the exec
     command retains the environment you have set up in your profile.ksh and
     environ.ksh files, but overlays the shell memory with Windows, avoiding
     memory loss.

      Since the startup script executes Windows at the end, make sure that
     you so not run sh -L from Windows, as this would attempt to restart
     Windows.

  * Given that command.com  uses much less memory than the shell, you can
     specify (as the last line in /etc/inittab, instead of starting up the
     shell) the following:

       ms;35;respawn;c:/dos/command.com /c c:\etc\init.bat

      Then, in /etc/init.bat, specify all your essential environment
     variables, and as the last line start up Windows.  This method wastest a
     few kilobytes of low memory compared to hte first one, but allows you run
     sh -L without risk.


5.3.3.1.  MS-SH
  The basic problem is the MS-SH swap setting.  In Real mode, you will need
  to use swap disk.  In Standard mode, you can also use swap extend, but you
  will have to specify at least 200K of XMS memory in the MS-SH .pif file.
  Alternatively, if you are using Standard or 386 Enhanced mode, you can use
  swap ems, but again you will need to specify at least 200K of EMS memory in
  your .pif file.

  A bug in the current (as of this writing) version of MS-SH prevents swap
  extend from working in 386 enhanced mode; MS-SH will always crash with a
  panic error.  With Windows 3.1, swap xms works as intended, and is the
  appropriate setting.

:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::


6.  WINDOWS TIPS, TRICKS AND SECRETS
====================================


---------------------------------------------------------------------------

6.1.  General
=============


...........................................................................

6.1.1.  Automatically opening applications on startup, with predefined window
positions
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
---------
  You can load applications automatically in two ways:

       * By adding them to the Startup group in Windows 3.1 Program Manager.
          To run start them as icons, check the Run iconized checkbox in the
          File / Properties dialog for the program.

       * By specifying them on the load= or run= line in win.ini.  This will
          load the specified applications, respectively, either with their
          default window sizes, or as icons.

  If you need specific window sizes or positions, you will need to use
  another utility, either shareware package (such as TopDesk, Layout, Command
  Post or Aporia) or a commercial one (such as Batchworks, Bridge or
  NewWave).  TopDesk is included in the Windows Resource Kit.

...........................................................................

6.1.2.  Changing or bypassing the startup logo
----------------------------------------------
  To bypass the logo, you can start Windows with the command line such as

       win :

  Be warned, however, that some people have had problems with this.  Also,
  skipping the startup logo does not significantly speed up the Windows
  startup process.

  To change the logo to something else, you need to first create a .RLE file
  (using a graphics utility package), with no more than 16 colours, and not
  exceeding the VGA 640x480 screen resolution, and no more than 64K in size.
  Once you have this file, called, say, mylogo.rle, enter the following
  command in your system subdirectory:

       copy win.cnf/B+vgalogo.lgo/B+mylogo.rle/B win.com

  If you use CGA or EGA, limit the .RLE file to the appropriate resolution,
  and replace the vgalogo above with cgalogo or egalogo.

...........................................................................

6.1.3.  Changing the font used for the icon labels
--------------------------------------------------
  To use 10-point Arial (substitute your own favorite below), add the
  following two lines to your [Desktop] section of your win.ini file:

       IconTitleFacename=Arial
       IconTitleSize=10

  A shareware Control Panel utility, More Control also gives you control over
  the icon fonts.

...........................................................................

6.1.4.  Limiting the size of the temporary swap file
----------------------------------------------------
  In Windows 3.1, you can add a line such as

       MinUserDiskSpace=4096

  to the [386Enh] section of the system.ini file to limit the temporary swap
  file's size.  The above line doesn't actually set the size of the swap
  file, but rather limits its growth to always retain at least 4096 KB (4 MB)
  of available disk space for your and your applications' own use.

...........................................................................

6.1.5.  Making Windows 3.x act like 2.x runtime
-----------------------------------------------
  The Windows 2.x runtime version would start Windows from the DOS prompt,
  and exit back to DOS when you exit the application.

  You can do this as follows (the example is for Excel; others are similar):

       * Create a new directory called c:\excel (it doesn't have to be
          distinct; it could be your normal Excel directory, as long as it's
          not the main Windows 3.x directory).

       * Copy the following to the new directory from the Windows directory:
           win.com
           win.ini
           system.ini

       * In the new directory modify the [boot] section of system.ini by
          changing the shell= line to point to the one and only program you
          want to run.  The original line should read:

              shell=progman.exe

         and the modified line should be something like:

              shell=c:\excel\excel.exe

         Remember to type the complete fileid of the program to be executed,
          including the .exe suffix.

       * To execute the dedicated Windows session just put the new directory
          ahead of the normal Windows directory in your path and issue the
          'win' command, or start Windows with the command 'c:\excel\win'.
          What we're doing here is making Windows think it's running on a
          network where the actual executable files etc. are on a network
          server, and only the basic control files (and win.com) are on the
          user's local disk.

  Note that this technique isolates any changes in win.ini and system.ini
  made in the dedicated task from any changes made in normal Windows; this
  may or may not be desirable.  If you need to keep the two flavors of
  Windows in sync you'll have to provide an outboard copy function to refresh
  the files.

...........................................................................

6.1.6.  Printing PostScript files without a PostScript printer
--------------------------------------------------------------
  To print PostScript files on a printer without PostScript, you'll need to
  get a third-party PostScript interpreter.  One such product is GhostScript,
  available free from the GNU project.  The current version, 2.52, can be
  found by ftp as /mirrors/msdos/postscript/gs252win.zip  on wuarchive.

...........................................................................

6.1.7.  Search path in Windows
------------------------------
  In addition to the standard MS-DOS search path, Windows will also search
  the Windows and system directories.  In general, the search order is as
  follows:

      * Current directory on current drive
      * Windows directory
      * System directory
      * MS-DOS search path
      * Current directory on network drives

...........................................................................

6.1.8.  Swapping the Ctrl and CapsLock keys
-------------------------------------------
  One method is to use the public domain program CCSwap, written by David
  Michmerhuizen.  You can find this as swap10.zip at your favorite FTP site,

  Alternately, you may be able to use a different keyboard driver.  A good
  one comes with the distribution of Kermit for Windows, available either
  from cica or from the official Kermit archive at watsun.cc.columbia.edu.

...........................................................................

6.1.9.  VT100 emulation for Windows
-----------------------------------
  There are two free options available for VT100 emulation: Windows Terminal
  and WinKermit.  Each has its downfalls, and your other option is a
  commercial terminal emulator, a number of which are described in the
  Available WIndows Applications section of this document.

---------------------------------------------------------------------------

6.2.  Program Manager
=====================


...........................................................................

6.2.1.  Changing the font used for the icon labels
--------------------------------------------------
  To use 10-point Arial (substitute your own favorite below), add the
  following two lines to your [Desktop] section of your win.ini file:

       Icontitlefacename=Arial
       Icontitlesize=10

  A shareware Control Panel utility, More Control also gives you control over
  the icon fonts.

...........................................................................

6.2.2.  Changing the program icon
---------------------------------
  Choose the item in Program Manager, and then select File Properties. Click
  on Icon..., and then enter the name of the file containing the new icon.

  If the icon file is a .DLL or .EXE containing multiple icons, you can
  either scroll though the available icons (in Windows 3.1) or cycle through
  them by clicking Next Icon (Windows 3.0).  After selecting the correct
  icon, click OK, and then OK again.  You can also use icons from other
  programs by the same method: just specify the name of the .exe file instead
  of an .ICO or .DLL file.

  The icon that is displayed by the application when it is minimized is
  controlled by the application.  It is not normally possible to change that;
  however, several workarounds exist for changing the icons of running DOS
  applications.

       * Windows 3.1 will display the selected Program Manager icon for each
          running DOS application.
       * In Windows 3.0 you can use the iinject or puticon utility to replace
          the standard DOS icon, which is contained in winoa286.mod and/or
          winoa386.mod.
       * The IconFixer utility monitors your DOS applicationsin Windows 3.0,
          and updates their icons as you minimize them, allowing you to have
          different icons for different DOS applications.

   All three utilities are available from ftp.cica.indiana.edu.

...........................................................................

6.2.3.  Changing the title of the Program Manager window
--------------------------------------------------------
  In Windows 3.1, you can specify the title of the Program Manager window by
  adding a Program Manager icon to your Startup group.  Windows will not
  start up a second copy of Program Manager, but will use the title you
  specify in File / Properties for the icon.

...........................................................................

6.2.4.  Converting documents to PostScript format
-------------------------------------------------
  There is a very simple way to convert documents of all types to PostScript
  format: simply select the PostScript printer driver from the Control Panel,
  and set the printer connection to FILE: .  Then, usign your application,
  print the file to the PostScript printer, and enter the name of the
  PostScript output file.

...........................................................................

6.2.5.  Creating your own icons
-------------------------------
  You can create your own custom icons with either IconDraw (shareware),
  Icon12 (shareware), Tamr11 (shareware), SDKPaint (a part of the Windows
  SDK) or Resource Workshop (a part of Borland C++).  Simply draw your icon,
  and save it as an .ICO file.

...........................................................................

6.2.6.  Creating your own wallpaper
-----------------------------------
  You can save a .msp file as a .bmp from Windows Paintbrush.  You can
  convert a .gif file to a .bmp using the gif2bmp utility from cica.  wingif
  will also do a good conversion, including dithering 256-color images to 16
  colors (rescale before dithering!).  A third, and the most flexible,
  conversion program is PaintShop Pro, which will do color conversions (16M,
  32K, 256 and 16 colors), many format conversions, scaling and clipping.
  Both wingif and PaintShop Pro are shareware, and available at
  ftp.cica.indiana.edu.

  A JPEG-format file can also be converted to a wallpaper bitmap by first
  uncompressing it with the cjpeg/djpeg utility (free, available at
  wuarchive.wustl.edu and other sites) to a .gif, and then using one of the
  utilities above to convert the .gif to a .bmp.

...........................................................................

6.2.7.  Previewing PostScript output
------------------------------------
  To preview PostScript output on Windows, you can use GhostScript, a free
  utility from the GNU project.  The current version, 2.52, can be found on
  ftp.cica.indiana.edu and other archive sites as GS252WIN.ZIP.

...........................................................................

6.2.8.  Restricting the Program Manager
---------------------------------------
  If you want to prevent a user from changing the Program Manager
  configuration, you can insert a combination of the following lines into the
  [Restrictions] section of progman.ini:

       NoRun=1            Disables the Run command
       NoClose=1          Disables the Exit Windows command
       NoSaveSettings=1   Disables the Save Settings command
       NoFileMenu=1       Removes the File menu
       EditLevel=(see below)    Sets the edit restriction level

  The following are the EditLevel restrictions:
     1 Disables creating,deleting and renaming groups
     2 As 1, plus disables creation/deletion of program items
     3 As 2, plus disables changing program item command lines
     4 As 3, plus disables changing program information

  If you boot directly into Windows (and restart it immediately on exit),
  don't allow any unrestricted DOS sessions from Program Manager, and make
  progman.ini read-only, you can accomplish a reasonable level of protection
  from users changing their configuration.

...........................................................................

6.2.9.  Saving Program Manager settings without exiting Windows
---------------------------------------------------------------
  In Windows 3.0, the trick is to try to select File / Exit with a DOS
  sessionactive; Windows will save the settings, and then refuse to exit.

  In Windows 3.1, you can press Alt+Shift+F4 at any time (while you are in
  Program Manager) to save the settings -- or hold down the Shift key while
  you double-click Program Manager's close box.

...........................................................................

6.2.10.  Starting Windows without activating the applications in the Startup
group
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
----
  You can do this by holding down the Shift key when the Windows startup
  screen appears, and then releasing it once Program Manager is active.

...........................................................................

6.2.11.  Starting an application in a different directory
---------------------------------------------------------
  To start up a Windows application in a default directory other than the
  Windows directory (or application executable directory), you have a number
  of choices:

     * In Windows 3.1, set the Working Directory under File Properties for the
       application.

     * Create a auto-execute macro for that application, which will change
       your directory upon startup.

     * Specify your application's path in Program Manager as something such as
       d:\u\personal\letters\winword.exe.  As long as the application is on
       your path, it will be started as usual, but with the default directory
       being the one you specified in Program Manager.  Note that Program
       Manager will complain of this when you enter the path (and may require
       you to manually select an icon), but it will work.

     * Create a dummy document for your application in the desired directory.
       As long as you have your application listed under [Extensions] in your
       win.ini file, starting that document from Program Manager (either with
       File / Run or by adding it as an icon to a group) will then start the
       application with that document loaded, and in the correct directory.
     .
     *  For Word for Windows 2.0, add the line
      Doc-Path=pathname
       into the [Microsoft Word 2.0] section of your win.ini file.  This will
       cause Word to start up in the specified directory every time.

---------------------------------------------------------------------------

6.3.  Windows accessories
=========================


...........................................................................

6.3.1.  Cardfile: converting to ASCII text
------------------------------------------
  To convert a cardfile to a text file, use the WinCrd utility, available
  from ftp.cica.indiana.edu.

...........................................................................

6.3.2.  Clock: Windows 3.1 Clock limitations
--------------------------------------------
  The Windows 3.1 clock is limited to one instance (simultaneously running
  copy) by design, as it retains the position and size you last specified for
  it.  You can, however, run any number of Windows 3.0 clocks that you want
  in 3.1.  As an alternative, you may want to take a look at the TimeFrame
  freeware program from ftp.cica.indiana.edu, which places the current time
  in the title bar of the active window.

...........................................................................

6.3.3.  Help: changing the keyword colors
-----------------------------------------
  To change the keyword colors in your Windows help files, you can add some
  or all of the following lines to the [Windows Help] section of your win.ini
  file:

...........................................................................

6.3.4.  Help: changing the default window size
----------------------------------------------
  To change default size of the WinHelp window, you can change the following
  lines in the [Windows Help] section of your win.ini file:

       M_WindowPosition=[0,0,640,480,0]

...........................................................................

6.3.5.  Notepad: F5 and current time
------------------------------------
  F5 in Windows 3.0 Notepad inserts only a date and not the time as well --
  it's a known bug.  And it's fixed in Windows 3.1.

...........................................................................

6.3.6.  Recorder: recording more than 60 seconds of sound
---------------------------------------------------------
  If you want to record, say, three minutes, follow this procedure:
  * Record 60 seconds (Recorder will stop).
  * Immediately record again for 60 seconds.
  * Repeat one more time.
  * Drag the scroll bar thumb all the way to the left
  With this procedure, you will be able to record 180 seconds of sound.
  Repeat more times if you need more than 3 minutes of sound.

...........................................................................

6.3.7.  Terminal: keypad
------------------------
  Press ScrollLock to toggle the keypad between local and remote mode. The
  default is local mode.

...........................................................................

6.3.8.  General: "Can't open TEMP.WRI" (or similar message)
-----------------------------------------------------------
  A message similar to this one is likely caused by an invalid definition of
  the TEMP environment variable in your autoexec.bat.  Having a trailing
  space on the definition line can cause various Windows applications to
  generate invalid temporary filenames similar to the one noted.  Correct the
  problem by making sure there are no trailing blanks.

---------------------------------------------------------------------------

6.4.  Changing default directories
==================================


...........................................................................

6.4.1.  Bitmaps
---------------
  You cannot move the bitmaps from the Windows directory unless you use a
  utility program such as BitmapView or PaperBoy.    BitmapView is included
  in the Windows Resource Kit.

...........................................................................

6.4.2.  Fonts
-------------
  To move your TrueType fonts to a different directory, follow the procedure
  outlined below.

  The trick is in knowing how Windows finds your truetype fonts.  If you have
  ever done any digging around in your system directory, you may have noticed
  that there is a little (1300 byte) .fot file for each of your .ttf files
  that you have installed.

  Now, unlike an ATM font which exists in two files, one containing the
  screen definition, and the other containing the printer definition, a
  TrueType font has all the information for both in one file (the .ttf), so
  why does the other exist?  So far, the exact reason remains a mystery, but
  the .fot file does contain the full path to the corresponding .ttf file --
  and the win.ini's [Fonts]  section points to the .fot file.

  Here are step-by-step instructions for moving the TrueType (and other)
  fonts:

     * First, move your .ttf files to where you want then to reside
       permanently -- preferably someplace outside the windows directory tree
       for ease of upgrading.

     * If these TrueType fonts were previously installed, you will have to
       create new .fot files, so go into the ControlPanel and remove, but
       don't delete, those TrueType fonts that you had installed (make sure
       to remove only the TrueType fonts!).

     * Next, add your TrueType fonts through the Control Panel.  Now, before
       you select any, be sure to uncheck the Copy Fonts to Windows Directory
       box.  If you leave this checked, the .fot files will point to the
       newly copied .ttf files that got relocated into your system directory.
       Highlight the fonts you want, and click OK.

     * Now just move all the .fot files also to another location and then
       modify the [Fonts] section of your win.ini file to point to where your
       .fot files are located.

  Thanks to Mike Bendtsen <msbendts @ mtu.edu>.

...........................................................................

6.4.3.  Icons
-------------
  Yoy may place your fonts in any directory you wish, as long as you update
  your Program Manager's File / Properties dialogs to point to the correct
  location.

---------------------------------------------------------------------------

6.5.  Fonts
===========


...........................................................................

6.5.1.  Accessing foreign/accented characters
---------------------------------------------
  There are two basic methods for accessing foreign and/or accented
  characters in Windows.  The first is to use the CharMap utility (or
  equivalent in your word processor: Insert / Symbol in Word, Font / WP
  Characters in WordPerfect) to insert the appropriate characters into your
  text.

  If you use a lot if accented characters, though, you may want to select the
  English (International) keyboard in the Control Panel.  This makes the
  backquote, forward quote etc. into "dead" keys: pressing "~" followed by
  "n" would generate the $ character.  To get the original meaning of the
  dead keys, you need to press that key and then follow it with a space.

...........................................................................

6.5.2.  Converting font formats
-------------------------------
  There are at least two packages available to convert between Type 1 (ATM)
  and TrueType formats: AllType ($79) and FontMonger ($99).  AllType,
  however, imposes its own copyright on any converted fonts, as well as doing
  a generally unsatisfactory job of coverting from ATM to TrueType.

  Macintosh TrueType fonts are also directly compatable with Windows (you
  only need to strip off the resource fork from the Mac file).

...........................................................................

6.5.3.  Converting Macintosh Type 1 (ATM) fonts to Windows
----------------------------------------------------------
  Thanks for this procedure to Norman Walsh, the maintainer of the comp.fonts
  FAQ.

  Converting Macintosh Type1 fonts into PC Type1 fonts can be done using
  purely free/shareware tools.  I've outlined the procedure below.  Make sure
  you read
  the "readme" files that accompany many fonts.  Some font authors
  specifically deny permission to do cross-platform conversions.

  The tools you need:
     xbin    xbin23.zip    in /pub/msdos/mac on oak.oakland.edu (or other
                      mirrors)
     unsit   unsit30.zip   in /pub/msdos/mac on oak.oakland.edu
     uncpt   ext-pc.zip    in /pub/pc/win3/util on ftp.cica.indiana.edu
     refont  refont11.zip  in /pub/pc/win3/fonts on ftp.cica.indiana.edu
     bmap2afm         bm2af01.zip    in /pub/norm/mac-font-tools on
                      ibis.cs.umass.edu

     xbin converts Mac BinHexed files back into binary format.  BinHex is the
     Mac equivalent of uuencoding: it translates files into hexidecimal digits
     so that mailers can send them around without difficulty.  It also aids in
     cross-platform copying.  BinHexed files generally have filenames of the
     form "xxx.yyy.HQX".

     unsit explodes Stuffit archives.  Stuffit archives generally have
     filenames of the form "xxx.SIT".

     uncpt exploces Compactor archives.  The ext-pc implementation is called
     extract and does not require Windows (even thought it's in the Windows
     section on cica).  Compactor archives generally have filenames of the
     form "xxx.CPT".

     refont converts Mac type1 fonts into PC type1 fonts.

     bmap2afm constructs AFM files from the metric information contained in
     Mac screen fonts (.bmap files).  The screen font files do not have any
     standard name (although they frequently have the extension .bmap).  The
     screen fonts have file type "FFIL" which, in combination with some common
     sense, is usually sufficient to identify them.

     It's probably a good idea to check with archie for closer sites if you're
     not in North America.  These tools run under MS-DOS.  xbin and unsit can
     also be run under Unix.

  How to do it:
     Collect the Mac fonts from the archive or BBS of your choice.  Most of
     these files will be in BinHexed format.  As a running example, we'll use
     the imaginary font "Plugh.cpt.hqx".  When you download this font to my
     PC, you would use the name "PLUGH.CPX".  The actual name you use is
     immaterial.

     Run xbin on PLUGH.CPX.  This will produce PLUGH.DAT, PLUGH.INF, and
     PLUGH.RSR.  The data fork of the Mac file (the .DAT file) is the only one
     of interest to
     us, you can delete the others.

     If the original file had been "Plugh.sit.hqx", we would be using the
     unsit program.  Since we chose a .cpt file for this example, I'm going to
     run uncpt..  Run uncpt on PLUGH.DAT.  You'll want to extract the AFM file
     (if present), the documentation or readme file (if present), and the
     Type1 outline file.  The AFM and README files will be in the data fork of
     the archive file.  The Type1 outline will be in the resource fork.  The
     AFM and README files have Mac "TEXT" type.  The Type1 outline file has
     "LWFN" type.  Use the docs for uncpt and unsit as a guide.  If you got
     this far you probably won't have much difficulty.

     If the font does not contain an AFM file, extract the screen font.
     Screen fonts frequently have the extension .bmap and are "FFIL" type
     files.  Use Bmap2AFM to construct an AFM from the screen font.  If the
     archive does contain an AFM file, it's safe to bet that the author's AFM
     will be better than the one created by Bmap2AFM.

     Finally, run refont on the Type1 outline that you extracted above.  The
     result should be an appropriate PC type1 outline.  refont will create a
     PFM file for you from the AFM file, if you desire.

...........................................................................

6.5.4.  Replacing your System font with a serif font
----------------------------------------------------
  Thanks to Peter Karrer <[e-mail]>.

  Here's a way to produce your own system font from the MS Serif font
  (similar to Times Roman) in Windows 3.1. No warranties of course...

  If you're using "small" fonts (fonts.fon=vgasys.fon in system.ini):

     Make sure you have VGASYS.FON, 7280 bytes, and SERIFE.FON, 57936 bytes.
     Use debug to do the following:
       C:\WIN\SYSTEM> debug serife.fon
       - nmyvgasys.fon
       - m15b6 l14b3 100
       - rcx
       CX E250
       :14b3
       - w
       Writing 014B3 bytes
       C:\WIN\SYSTEM> debug vgasys.fon
       - nmyvgasys.fon
       - l6b6
       - rcx
       CX 14B3
       :1C70
       - w
       Writing 01C70 bytes
       - q
     In your system.ini file, replace fonts.fon=vgasys.fon with
      fonts.fon=myvgasys.fon.

  If you're using "large" fonts (fonts.fon=8514sys.fon in system.ini):

     Make sure you have 8514SYS.FON, 9280 bytes, and SERIFF.FON, 81728 bytes.
     Use debug to do the following:
       C:\WIN\SYSTEM> debug seriff.fon
       - nmy8514sy.fon
       - m1b36 l1c20 100
       - rcx
       CX 3F40
       :1c20
       - rbx
       BX 0001
       :0
       - w
       Writing 01C20 bytes
       C:\WIN\SYSTEM> debug 8514sys.fon
       - nmy8514sy.fon
       - l336
       - rcx
       CX 1C20
       :2440
       - w
       Writing 02440 bytes
       - q
     In your system.ini file, replace fonts.fon=8514sys.fon with
      fonts.fon=my8514sy.fon.

...........................................................................

6.5.5.  ZIP code bar code fonts
-------------------------------
  Word Office Productivity Pack (wopr-20a.zip and wopr-20b.zip on
  ftp.cica.indiana.edu and its mirror sites) will automatically print bar
  codes on envelopes.  The package does require Word for Windows 2.0, though.

---------------------------------------------------------------------------

6.6.  Applications
==================


...........................................................................

6.6.1.  Access: printing a database diagram
-------------------------------------------
  One sample approach to printing a complete database table/relation diagram
  is included as Database Analyzer  in the analyzer.mda database, which is
  included in the Access package.

...........................................................................

6.6.2.  DayBook: running on Windows 3.1
---------------------------------------
  The Windows 3.0 doesn't work well after upgrading to Windows 3.1.  However,
  you can get it working and even keep your old datafiles using the following
  steps:
       * Install ToolBook again (run tbksetup) after renaming your old
          daybook.tbk file.
       * Start DayBook with the empty daybook.tbk.
       * Open the old daybook file (from windows version 3.0)
       * Save it as daybook.tal.
       * Exit ToolBook.
       * Rename daybook.tal to daybook.tbk.
       * Now you can use the old information again under Windows 3.1

...........................................................................

6.6.3.  Excel: Calling DLL routines
-----------------------------------
  Excel can call C and/or Fortran routines located in an external DLL.  In
  order to implement such DLLs, you will need the Excel SDK ($49 from
  Microsoft).

...........................................................................

6.6.4.  Excel: Doing log-log graphs
-----------------------------------
  To create a log-log graph, check the log checkbox under Format / Scale for
  each of the axis.

...........................................................................

6.6.5.  Excel: Multiple X-Y graphs on shared X-axis
---------------------------------------------------
  To draw multiple graphs on a single sheet, you will need to use the scatter
  graph, create the first series automatically, then create the second series
  (which will, by default, use the X values of the first series), and then
  manually change the X-values of hte second series to point to the correct
  datablock on your worksheet.

...........................................................................

6.6.6.  WinQVTNet: Hiding a gateway
-----------------------------------
  To hide a gateway, specify visible=no under that host in your qvtnet.rc
  file.

...........................................................................

6.6.7.  Norton Desktop: Wider listbox for Scheduler
---------------------------------------------------
  You can change the Scheduler's listbox width by using a resource editor
  (such as Resource Workshop, included with Borland's latest Windows language
  products) to resize the list box, move the headings and move the buttons.

  If you don't have any programming tools, you are basically out of luck.

...........................................................................

6.6.8.  Norton Desktop: Using smaller fonts for lists
-----------------------------------------------------
  Most of the listboxes in NDW use the font size selected in the menus; make
  sure you select the correct size.

...........................................................................

6.6.9.  Word for Windows: changing bullet paragraph indent
----------------------------------------------------------
  You can do this by creating a macro that creates a bullet, and then linking
  the bullet button on the toolbar to that macro, rather than to the standard
  command.  The macro should include a call to the ToolsBulletListDefault
  command, followed by your modified paragraphg formatting commands.

...........................................................................

6.6.10.  Word for Windows: centering equations
----------------------------------------------
  To create equations that look like this:

                y = 2                    (1)
  and
         x = y + z + log( w )            (2)

  you will need to set a Center Tab at the center of your page, and a Right
  Tab at the right margin.  Now press Tab, insert your equation, press Tab
  again, and enter your equation number.

...........................................................................

6.6.11.  Word for Windows: custom toolbar icons
-----------------------------------------------
  To change the icons in the Word for Windows 2.0 toolbar, add the line
       LoadToolbarBitmaps=1
  in the [WinWord2.0] section of your win.ini file.  When Word starts up, it
  will look for and load four bitmaps called v1tbar.bmp, v2tbar.bmp,
  v2tbar.bmp and v4tbar.bmp.  Each bitmap holds 26 "icons" which of 18 pixels
  wide and 16 pixels high.  If you are using 1024x768 resolution, the bitmaps
  are 81tbar.bmp, 82tbar.bmp, 83tbar.bmp and 84tbar.bmp.

  You can more easily change these bitmaps using the WOPR utility package
  (available as shareware).

...........................................................................

6.6.12.  Word for Windows: drop caps (large 1st characters of paragraphs)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Creating a drop cap is really quite easy in Word, once you know what you
  are looking for.

  Create the paragraph, select the first character, change it to the font and
  size you want it to be, and then select Insert / Frame to create a frame.
  The frame will automatically size to the character and align with the top
  of the paragraph.  That's all there is to it!

  Word 2.0c includes a macro which performs the above process automatically.

...........................................................................

6.6.13.  Word for Windows: fonts larger than 127 points
-------------------------------------------------------
  Since Word for Windows will not allow selection of a pointsize beyond 127,
  for very large pointsizes the best thing to do is enter the text in
  WordArt, and then scale the WordArt object to desired size in the Word
  document.

...........................................................................

6.6.14.  Word for Windows: foreign-language dictionaries and thesauri
---------------------------------------------------------------------
  To get a foreign-language spell checker dictionary or thesaurus for Word
  for Windows, you should contact Alki Software in Seattle, WA (800-669-
  9673).  Available languages include British English, French, German,
  Italian, Spanish, Portuguese, Swedish, Finnish and more.

...........................................................................

6.6.15.  Word for Windows: getting rid of the list of last files edited
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
  To empty the list of last files edited before someone else uses your
  machine, simply remove the file winword.ini from your Word for Windows
  directory.  You may wish to put this in your autoexec.bat file.

...........................................................................

6.6.16.  Word for Windows: inserting today's date
-------------------------------------------------
  Using Word's built-in Insert / Date and Time... command will insert a date,
  but will update it every time you open the document.  There are several
  ways to insert today's date and forcing it not to be updated:
      After using Insert / Date and Time..., select the date and hit Ctrl+F11
      to lock the field.  This will cause it not to be updated until you
      unlock it.
      After using Insert / Date and Time..., select the date and hit Ctrl+F9
      to unlink the field.  This replaces the field with its contents; you
      will not be able to update the field again.
      Use Insert / Field... and inset a CREATEDATE (or, depending on your
      preference, SAVDATE) field.  This will insert the date the document was
      created, however, and not necessarily today's date.

...........................................................................

6.6.17.  Word for Windows: linking in subdocuments
--------------------------------------------------
  Word for Windows' Link Document, Include document and Insert Document
  commands all include the entire text of the subdocument in the main
  document.  If you want to "link" in a document for indexing or a table of
  contents but not bloat up the main document with all the actual text, use
  the RD (Refer Document) field.  It won't print or edit the subdocument from
  the main document, but it does work for indexing and tables of contents.

...........................................................................

6.6.18.  Word for Windows: numbering equations
----------------------------------------------
  To number equations in Word for Windows, insert a \seq field and use a
  sequence name like "Equation" to identify the sequence.  For example:

       x = 0      ({\seq Equation}

...........................................................................

6.6.19.  Word for Windows: overlining words
-------------------------------------------
  To overline a phrase in Word for Windows, insert a \eq field and use the
  \x\to option to draw just the top of the box around the "equation".  So,
  for example, to overline "Bar", you might enter

       The Foo {\eq \x\to(Bar)} and Grille

...........................................................................

6.6.20.  Word for Windows: printing even and odd pages
------------------------------------------------------
  The Word Office Productivity Pack (WOPR), a shareware collection, includes
  tools for printing odd and even pages.

  As an alternative, the following macro to print odd and even pages is
  courtesy of Rob Ryan ([e-mail]).  Use at your own risk -- and try it
  on a smallish document first!

  Sub MAIN
      Dim dlg As DocumentStatistics
      ToolsRepaginateNow
      GetCurValues dlg
      n = Val(dlg.Pages)
      If n < 1 Then End
      For i = 1 To n Step 2
          FilePrint .Range = 3, .From = Str$(i), .To = Str$(i)
      Next
      If(n Mod 2 = 1) Then
          msg$ = "Put all the pages except the last one"
      Else
          msg$ = "Put all the pages"
      End If
      msg$ = msg$ + " back into the printer and press Ok when ready to
  print."
      If(MsgBox(msg$, "Printing Even Pages", 49) = - 1) Then
          For i = 2 To n Step 2
              FilePrint .Range = 3, .From = Str$(i), .To = Str$(i)
          Next
      End If
  End Sub


  And another alternative, from James Rudnicki and Richard Page
  ([e-mail]):

  Sub MAIN
    Begin Dialog UserDialog 300, 154, "Odd/Even Printing"
      Text 48, 8, 234, 48, "Print odd or even numbered pages. The document
  may be repaginated
                                     and saved before printing."
      GroupBox 11, 62, 143, 59, "Select Pages"
      OptionGroup  .OddEven
          OptionButton 21, 78, 112, 16, "Odd Pages"
          OptionButton 21, 95, 120, 16, "Even Pages"
      CheckBox 173, 79, 116, 16, "Repaginate", .RePage
      CheckBox 173, 96, 100, 16, "Save File", .SaveFile
      OKButton 10, 127, 88, 21
      CancelButton 110, 127, 88, 21
    End Dialog

    Dim dlg As DocumentStatistics
    GetCurValues dlg
    NUM = Val(dlg.Pages)            'Get number of pages

    Dim NewDlg As UserDialog        'Declare dialog array
    Choice = Dialog(NewDlg)

    Select Case Choice
      Case - 1                      'OK Button
        If NewDlg.RePage = 1 Then
          ToolsRepaginateNow        'Make sure pagination is correct
        End If
        If NewDlg.SaveFile = 1 Then
          FileSave                  'Save before printing
        End If
        If NewDlg.OddEven = 0 Then
          For cnt = 1 To NUM Step 2
            FilePrint .Range = 3, .From = Str$(cnt), .To = Str$(cnt)
          Next
        Else
          For cnt = 2 To NUM Step 2
            FilePrint .Range = 3, .From = Str$(cnt), .To = Str$(cnt)
          Next
        End If
      Case Else
    End Select

  End Sub


...........................................................................

6.6.21.  Word for Windows: removing hard returns on downloaded text
-------------------------------------------------------------------
  You can easily do this by selecting the text, and running a macro similar
  to the one below.  Note that this will mess up any tables in your input
  text!

  Sub MAIN
      EditReplace .Find = "^p^p", .Replace = "#~@", .WholeWord = 0,
  .MatchCase = 0, .Format = 0, \
                           .ReplaceAll = 1
      EditReplace .Find = "^p", .Replace = " ", .WholeWord = 0, .MatchCase =
  0, .Format = 0, \
                          .ReplaceAll = 1
      EditReplace .Find = "#~@", .Replace = "^p^p", .WholeWord = 0,
  .MatchCase = 0, .Format = 0, \
                          .ReplaceAll = 1
  End Sub


...........................................................................

6.6.22.  Word for Windows: setting the find file default directory
------------------------------------------------------------------
  Select Tools / Macro and edit FileFind; it will look something like this:

       Sub MAIN
           ToolsMacro "FileFind", .Run
       End Sub

  Change it to look like this:

       Sub MAIN
           On Error Goto STOPHERE     'Needed if user chooses Close

           Dim myfilefind As FileFind     'Define a dialog (same as FileFind
       dialog)
           GetCurValues myfilefind        'Get any values you may have
       already set

           myfilefind.SearchPath = "c:\windows"   'Use this type of line to
       set all the
           myfilefind.Name = "*.*"                  'defaults things your
       little heart desires

           Dialog myfilefind              'Display the dialog box on the
       screen

           STOPHERE:                 'Just a label
       End Sub

  For information on the various things you can tag on to "myfilefind", such
  as .SearchPath, .Name, etc..., check the on-line help under Word Basic
  Commands -- FileFind.

  Thanks to Paul Brown for the solution!

...........................................................................

6.6.23.  Word for Windows: turning echo off in a macro
------------------------------------------------------
  To turn off echo in a Word for Windows macro (making for a cleaner display
  and faster running), you need to implement two macros, EchoOn and EchoOff.
  These macros are fully described in Microsoft's tech note 13-5 (they were
  based on ones written by Steven Wexler of WexTech Systems), available on
  ftp.uu.net and Compuserve.  Beware, though, that if your macro crashes
  before turning echo back on, you will thoroughly confuse the user!

  If you just want to implement the macros, they are included below.  Before
  you jump into it, though, here is Microsoft's warning from the Tech Note:

  Use the Echo macro at your own risk. It has performed admirably for us so
  far with one exception: When you execute a macro defining a bookmark that
  isn't only an insertion point, the bookmark is not always defined
  correctly. To remedy the situation, turn echo on just before you issue the
  bookmark command, and turn it off immediately afterward.  We leave it up to
  the user to explore and find all the ways Echo can be useful or harmful in
  your macro writing.

  To turning echo off, use the following WordBasic line:

     Echo.EchoOff IniKey$

  where IniKey$ is the name of the win.ini key used to store a value for
  turning echo on. This subroutine turns off redraw and saves the position of
  the scroll box in the vertical scroll bar of the
  active window to the win.ini file. The information is stored in the
  [Microsoft Word Echo] section of win.ini, under the IniKey$ key string.  To
  turn echo back on, use:

     Echo.EchoOff IniKey$

  where Inikey$ is the same key you used to turn echo off.

  The Echo macro contains the following lines:

  Declare Function SendMessage Lib "user"(hWnd As Integer, \
       wMsg As Integer,wParam As Integer, lParam As Long) As Long
  Declare Function GetFocus Lib "user" As Integer
  Declare Sub InvalidateRect Lib "user"(hWnd As Integer, \
       lpRect As Long, Bool As Integer)
  Declare Sub UpdateWindow Lib "user"(hWnd As Integer)

  Sub MAIN
     Echo 1, ""
  End Sub

  Sub Echo(fOn, IniKey$)
     WM_SETREDRAW = 11
     IniSection$ = "Microsoft Word Echo"
     FocusHandle = GetFocus
     If fOn = 0 Then

        SetProfileString(IniSection$, IniKey$, Str$(VScroll()))
     End If
     dummy = SendMessage(FocusHandle, WM_SETREDRAW, fOn, 0)
     If fOn Then
        InvalidateRect(FocusHandle, 0, 1)
        UpdateWindow(FocusHandle)
        VScroll Val(GetProfileString$(IniSection$, IniKey$))
     End If
  End Sub

  Sub EchoOff(IniKey$)
     Echo 0, IniKey$
  End Sub

  Sub EchoOn(IniKey$)
     Echo 1, IniKey$
  End Sub


...........................................................................

6.6.24.  Word for Windows: using a watermark
--------------------------------------------
  To place a watermark (usually a large a light gray text at an angle behind
  your normal text), you will need a PostScript printer.  If you have such a
  printer, you can either use the Watermark macro from newmacro.doc.
  Alternately, insert a Print field into the header, containing the following
  PostScript code:

     \p page "/Fn {findfont exch scalefont setfont} bind def
     0.98 setgray
     50 600 moveto
     -45 rotate
     180 /Helvetica Fn
     (DRAFT) show"

  This puts the word "DRAFT" at a 45 degree angle across the page in very
  light grey large letters.

...........................................................................

6.6.25.  WordPerfect for Windows: changing the background color
---------------------------------------------------------------
  WordPerfect does not allow you to set the colors directly (except in Draft
  mode); to change background color, you will need to change the systemwide
  default colors in the Control Panel.

---------------------------------------------------------------------------

6.7.  Gang screens ("Easter Eggs")
==================================
  This section describes the ways to display the secret or "gang" screens,
  showing the authors of various packages, often with associated fireworks
  and/or other animation.

...........................................................................

6.7.1.  Windows 3.0
-------------------
     * Make Program Manager active
     * While holding down F3, press  W I N 3.  Release F3.

...........................................................................

6.7.2.  Windows 3.1
-------------------
     * Make Program Manager or any desk accessory active
     * Select Help / About, hold down Shift+Ctrl+Alt, double-click on icon,
       press OK
     * Repeat
     * Repeat to get the first "gang screen"
     * Repeat to get the second "gang screen"
     * Repeat to get the third "gang screen"

...........................................................................

6.7.3.  Ami Pro 2.0
-------------------
     * Select Help / About
     * Hold down Shift, Ctrl and Alt
     * Press F7.  Type  S P A M.
     * Enter the last and third from last digits from the Available memory
       display.
     * Release Shift, Ctrl and Alt

     Thanks to Avinoam Shmueli.

...........................................................................

6.7.4.  Corel Draw! 3.0
-----------------------
     * Hold down Shift and Ctrl
     * Select Help / About
     * Continue to hold down Shift and Ctrl
     * Double-click on the balloon at the left side of the dialog.
     * Hold down the left (or maybe right?) mouse button to light the burner
       for the balloon, and make it rise, pulling a banner of developers'
       names.

     Thanks to J.D. Mathew.

...........................................................................

6.7.5.  Excel 3.0
-----------------
     * Select Formula / Goto, enter iv16384.
     * Use the scroll bars to make this the only cell visible.
     * Reduce the row and column widths to zero.
     * Double-click on the single remaining button at the top left corner.

     Thanks to Aaron Wallace.

...........................................................................

6.7.6.  Norton Desktop for Windows 2.0
--------------------------------------
     * Select Help / About
     * Hold down N, D and W
     * Double-click on the icon.

     Thanks to Mark Scase.

...........................................................................

6.7.7.  PageMaker for Windows 4.0
---------------------------------
     * Hold down  Shift and Ctrl
     * Select Help / About PageMaker

...........................................................................

6.7.8.  Procomm Plus for Windows 1.0
------------------------------------
     * Select Window / Monitor
     * Keep focus on the Monitor window
     * Type GO DATASTORM!
     * Select Help / About / Credits

     Thanks to Joseph Malloy.

...........................................................................

6.7.9.  Word for Windows 1.x
----------------------------
     * Turn CapsLock on
     * Select Format / Define / Styles / Options
     * Select Normal for Based On
     * Press OK
     * Press Cancel
     * Select Help / About
     * Move cursor to inside dialog box, then hold down O, P, U and S at the
       same time.

  Thanks to Todd Lutz.

...........................................................................

6.7.10.  Word for Windows 2.0
-----------------------------
     * Select Tools / Macro
     * Enter spiff, press Edit
     * Delete all lines except for the middle blank line
     * Select File / Close, press Yes
     * Select Help / About, double-click on icon

:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::


7.  APPLICATIONS
================


---------------------------------------------------------------------------

7.1.  Windows 2.x Applications
==============================
  If you run in real mode of Windows 3.0, the old applications behave just
  like in 2.x, but have somewhat less memory available to them.  If the
  applications are "well-behaved", they may also run in standard and 386
  enhanced modes, but Windows will first warn you with a "nag" message that
  the application wasn't written for Windows 3.x.  If you run a ill-behaved
  application in standard or 386 enhanced mode, the application will likely
  crash.

  If you have a 2.x application that runs well in all modes, you can mark it
  Windows 3.0-compatible using either the mark3.exe or the nonag.exe utility.
  Both are available from cica.

  Basically, Windows 3.1 will no longer run Windows 2.0 applications.

---------------------------------------------------------------------------

7.2.  Troubleshooting
=====================


...........................................................................

7.2.1.  AllType: converted TrueType fonts not in same family
------------------------------------------------------------
  When AllType converts a, say, PostScript Type 1 font into TrueType, it does
  not maintain the connection between the Regular, Bold, Italic and Bold
  Italic fonts in the same family.  Thus, if you have a font called Franciano
  and select bold in your word processor, you will get a synthesized bold
  version, not Franciano Bold.

  To correct this, you might try a shareware utility called renamett, which
  allows you to specify the family of the font.

...........................................................................

7.2.2.  Ami Pro: table of contents
----------------------------------
  If your page numbers in the Table of Contents are all 1, you have likely
  generated the TOC twice without making any changes.  To work around this
  bug, make a trivial change to your document, and regenerate the table of
  contents.

...........................................................................

7.2.3.  Ami Pro 2.0: divide by zero error
-----------------------------------------
  If Ami Pro crashes with a Divide by Zero error in Windows 3.1, check the
  version number in the About... box.  If your version is earlier than 306,
  contact Lotus for a free upgrade to 306, which is fully compatible with
  Windows 3.1.

...........................................................................

7.2.4.  Ami Pro 3.0: equation handling problems
-----------------------------------------------
  The Ami Pro equation handling may occasionally cause your equation to
  disappear beyond the end of the line after aligning the equation with tabs.
  In addition, trying to delete an equation that has "disappeared" may caused
  a corrupted document and/or a throrough crash in Ami Pro.  The only known
  workaround is to use only spaces, not tabs, to align equations if there is
  any chance that the equation might extend beyond the right margin..

...........................................................................

7.2.5.  Ami Pro 3.0: overlapped screen text
-------------------------------------------
  On some configurations, selecting a block of text and then starting to type
  over it will not erase the existing text first before placing the new
  characters on it, resulting in a corrupted screen display.

  As a workaround, you may choose to either use draft mode or to turn off
  full justification.

  A fix diskette for this problem is available by calling Lotus technical
  support.

...........................................................................

7.2.6.  Ami Pro 2.0: printing with incorrect fonts
--------------------------------------------------
  If you are getting incorrect fonts when printing from Ami Pro, the most
  likely cause is the font substitution table contained within the Ami Pro
  .ini file.  You should inspect this table and remove entries that are not
  required.

...........................................................................

7.2.7.  Ami Pro 3.0: slow printing
----------------------------------
  If you are suffering from slow printing with Ami Pro 3.0, try the following
  steps to improve the printing speed:
       * Disable Print manager in the Windows Control Panel
       * Disable Background Printing in Ami Pro's Tools: User Setup: Options.

...........................................................................

7.2.8.  Corel Draw!: can't rotate bitmaps
-----------------------------------------
  If you attempt to rotate a bitmap (such as a .bmp, .gif ot .tif file),
  Corel Draw! will only display a gray rectangle.  This affects only the
  display, however, and the rotated graphics should print correctly.

...........................................................................

7.2.9.  FrameMaker: scrambled dot-matrix output
-----------------------------------------------
  FrameMaker will produce correct output only if the output device has square
  pixels; that is, your printer must have the same horizontal and vertical
  resolution.  A 144 horizontal by 192 vertical resolution will produce
  scrambled output.  Unfortunately, the only choices are to use your printer
  in a "square-pixel" resolution, or to switch to a printer with such a
  resolution (most laser printers have square pixels).

...........................................................................

7.2.10.  KA9Q: dropped packets
------------------------------
  In order to run properly within Windows 3.x and not drop packets, you need
  to do two things:
       * Start KA9Q with the -w option
       * After starting KA9Q, start winpkt

...........................................................................

7.2.11.  Norton Desktop for Windows: can't format in the background
-------------------------------------------------------------------
  While Windows is limited by DOS in some of its multitasking capabilities
  (such as disk i/o), it can format floppies in the background (File Manager
  does it!).  NDW arbitrarily refuses to let you do anything else while
  formatting -- it's a design feature!

  Personally, I only buy preformatted diskettes!

...........................................................................

7.2.12.  Norton Desktop for Windows: crashes from selecting files
-----------------------------------------------------------------
  Norton Desktop, both versions 1.0 and 2.0, tends to crash if you select
  multiple files and try to drag them to several places on the screen.  No
  fix is currently available.

...........................................................................

7.2.13.  Mathematica 2.0 for Windows: problems with Windows 3.1, other
problems
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
  Mathematica 2.0 does not work well with Windows 3.1.  It also has a host of
  other problems which exhibit themselves even under Windows 3.0.

  The cure is to upgrade to Mathematica 2.1; the upgrade cost is US$ 50.

...........................................................................

7.2.14.  NCSA Telnet [in DOS session]: crashes in a window
----------------------------------------------------------
  The standard Telnet does not work well in a DOS session inside Windows
  3.1's 386 Enhanced mode.  There are three possible workarounds:
       * Load the packet driver inside the DOS session, not before entering
          Windows
       * Use WinPkt (available free by ftp) instead of the standard packet
          driver
       * Use PktMux 1.1 (available free by ftp) instead of the standard
          packet driver

...........................................................................

7.2.15.  PageMaker 4.0: font selection box won't scroll
-------------------------------------------------------
  This is a known problem.  The workaround to use, if you have more fonts
  than will fit in the selection box, is to press Ctrl+T to change the text
  attributes (and thus the font).

...........................................................................

7.2.16.  PageMaker 4.0: text color changes to almost invisible
--------------------------------------------------------------
  this problems stems from an incompatability between PageMaker and Windows
  3.1 video drivers.  Although no fix is currently available, you can work
  around the problem by switching between PageMaker and the other "color
  intensive" application (which changes the colors) with Alt+Tab instead of
  minimizing one and then restoring PageMaker.  If the colors have already
  been munged, start up command.com full-screen, exit it, and then maximize
  PageMaker again to restore the colors.

...........................................................................

7.2.17.  PageMaker 4.0: WordPerfect and Word for Windows import
---------------------------------------------------------------
  As shipped, PageMaker 4.0's import filters do not support WordPerfect 5.1
  for Windows (although WordPerfect 5.1 for DOS is OK), or Word for Windows
  2.0.  If you cannot locate the import filters at an ftp site or CompuServe,
  contact Aldus for free updates.

...........................................................................

7.2.18.  Paradox for Windows: dialog boxes can't be killed
----------------------------------------------------------
  The initial release of Paradox for Windows does not provide any method for
  unconditionally dismissing a dialog box.  If your dialog box code hasa bug
  (not allowing you to close the dialog) you will need to reboot your system
  in order to close Paradox. No workaround (other than avoiding modal forms
  completely) is currently available.

...........................................................................

7.2.19.  Pathway Access 1.x: terminal font
------------------------------------------
  If in your 10x16 terminal font the uppercase 'K' and lowercase 'k' appear
  identical, contact Wollongong for an update to a corrected terminal font.

...........................................................................

7.2.20.  PC Tools 7.1: restore problems
---------------------------------------
  PC Tools 7.1 does not check backups for data integrity while restoring,
  thus possibly restoring corrupt data due to media errors on the disks.
  This is not a bug, but a deficiency in PC Tools, and is unlikely to be
  corrected prior to the release of the next version.

  PC Tools also sometimes corrupts the last disk while doing a restore.  Once
  the last disk has been read, you should immediately remove it from the
  drive.

...........................................................................

7.2.21.  Procomm Plus for Windows: Pasted text has extra CR/LFs
---------------------------------------------------------------
  Prcomm assumes that it needs to add a return/linefeed to the end of every
  pasted line.  If you are pasting from an unformatted text file, this is
  probably not the case.  As a workaround, you can use the macro below:

  In article <eur.731846437@dutncp8> [e-mail] (Eur van
  Andel) writes:
  >When pasting text in Procomm Plus for Windows, I have a problem.
  >The program puts extra CR/LF's in my pasted text, like:
  >It does not matter if the copied text comes from notepad or Proc itself,
  >the blank lines are always there. I tried to fiddle with "Add CR/LF" or

  Here is a script that will take your clipboard and paste it to procomm. All
  it basically does is save the clipboard to a temporary file, upload the
  file
  using an ascii transfer, delete the temporary file.

     ; VIPASTE.WAS v 1.00  Paste function for Unix hosts
     ;*********************************************************************
     ;*                                                                   *
     ;* VIPASTE.WAS                                                       *
     ;* Copyright (C) 1992 Datastorm Technologies, Inc.                   *
     ;* All rights reserved.                                              *
     ;*                                                                   *
     ;* Purpose:  Pastes the current contents of the Windows Clipboard    *
     ;*           to the terminal screen, stripping Line Feed characters. *
     ;*           This is especially useful on Unix system.               *
     ;*                                                                   *
     ;* This ASPECT SCRIPT is intended only as a sample of ASPECT         *
     ;* programming.  DATASTORM makes no warranty of any kind, express or *
     ;* implied, including without limitation, any warranties of mer-     *
     ;* chantability and/or fitness for a particular purpose.  Use of     *
     ;* this program is at your own risk.                                 *
     ;*                                                                   *
     ;* Author:  Chuck Spohr                                              *
     ;*                                                                   *
     ;*********************************************************************

     proc main
        integer LFSetting

        cliptofile TEXT "\CLIPBRD.TMP"   ; Capture clipboard text to a file
        fetch ascii upld_lf LFSetting    ; Store current value before change
        set ascii upld_lf STRIP          ; Set Linefeed Strip option
        sendfile ascii "\CLIPBRD.TMP"    ; ASCII upload the file

        delfile "\CLIPBRD.TMP"           ; Clean up

        switch LFSetting                 ; Reset Line Feed traslation based
           case 0                        ; on previously stored value
              set ascii upld_lf STRIP
           endcase
           case 1
              set ascii upld_lf CR_LF
           endcase
           case 2
              set ascii upld_lf LF
           endcase
        endswitch
     endproc


...........................................................................

7.2.22.  Procomm Plus for Windows: Zmodem transfer startup
----------------------------------------------------------
  If you initiate a Zmodem transfer from Procomm, the other end of the link
  may or may not automatically detect the start of a transfer, depending on
  the software at that end; it's not dependent on Procomm.  Specifically, the
  sz/rz software on Unix does not start Zmodem transfers automatically.

...........................................................................

7.2.23.  Quattro Pro for Windows: Cut and paste to other applications
---------------------------------------------------------------------
  The intitial release of Quattro Pro only supports a few graphics formats
  for clipboard cut and paste, and does not include WPG (WordPerfect
  Graphics) or WMF (Windows MetaFile) support.  Thus WordPerfect for Windows
  1.0 will not be able to paste Quattro's graphics.

...........................................................................

7.2.24.  Quattro Pro for Windows: High resource requirements
------------------------------------------------------------
  Quattro Pro always uses a large amount of Windows' available system
  resources, and if you do heavy graphics, you can exhaust all available
  resources, making it necessary to restart Windows.

  This is apparently due to Borland's use of the OWL libraries, and no fix is
  yet available.

...........................................................................

7.2.25.  Quattro Pro for Windows: Numeric format alignment
----------------------------------------------------------
  Quattro Pro does not correctly align non-decimal numbers formatted with the
  Comma or Decimal formats, leaving a space for the non-existent decimal
  point.  No fix is yet available.

...........................................................................

7.2.26.  Quattro Pro for Windows: OLE and DDE problems
------------------------------------------------------
  Quattro Pro's OLE and DDE functionality is acknowledged to be buggy;
  however, no fix is yet available.

...........................................................................

7.2.27.  Quattro Pro for Windows: Saving over foreign formats
-------------------------------------------------------------
  If you open a foreign format (such as Excel or 1-2-3) spreadsheet, make
  some changes, and select File / Save, Quattro Pro' will delete the original
  document prior to telling you it can't save it.

  No fix is yet available.

...........................................................................

7.2.28.  Quicken for Windows: conflicts with communications software
--------------------------------------------------------------------
  If Quicken produces a General Protection Fault on startup when you have a
  communications package already running, it is likely trying to get at the
  serial port (which is already in use).

  To correct this problem, select Edit / Preferences / Electronic Payment,
  and disable all the bank accounts.  Click OK, and exit Quicken.  If this
  does not cure the problem, select Edit / Preferences / Modem Settings, and
  set Quicken to use a different serial port than your communications
  package.

  If you actually want to use the electronic payment feature of Quicken, you
  will not be able to run it at the same time as a communications package.

...........................................................................

7.2.29.  Ventura Publisher 3.0: divide by zero errors
-----------------------------------------------------
  Ventura Publisher 3.0 may get frequent divide by zero errors when used with
  Windows 3.1.  These appear to be related to non-Microsoft TrueType fonts,
  which Ventura is unable to use reliably (the TrueType fonts from CorelDraw
  also cause problems).  You may wish to remove either all or selected non-
  Microsoft TrueType fonts from your system to prevent the Ventura errors.

  Ventura Publisher will also refuse to run with a display driver which uses
  more than 256 colors.

...........................................................................

7.2.30.  WinFax Pro 2.0
-----------------------
  If you are having difficulty sending faxes with WinFax Pro, check the date
  of the file mod.exe; if it is 1-16-92 16:51, 62,976 bytes , you should get
  a replacement from Delrina (call cuatomer support at [phone]).

...........................................................................

7.2.31.  Word for Windows: accessing fonts
------------------------------------------
  Word for Windows shows in its font menu the fonts currently available for
  the selected output device, not the display device.  You can still use,
  say, vector fonts that you installed, by typing the name of the font in the
  edit box.  Windows will draw vector fonts on the output device without
  problems -- you may or may not like the results. Screen fonts are also
  useable for printing on dot-matrix printers.  These problems do not occur
  with TrueType fonts in Windows 3.1, as they are available both on the
  printer and on the display.

  After you have installed new fonts (TrueType, ATM or any others), you need
  to force Word for Windows to refresh its output device font list.  The
  easiest way to do this is to do File / Printer / Setup, click Setup, then
  click OK, and finally OK again.

...........................................................................

7.2.32.  Word for Windows 2.0: can't install additional components
------------------------------------------------------------------
  If Word for Windows won't install additional components (such as the
  thesaurus or spellchecker) because it claims Word is not yet installed,
  check your win.ini file, and make sure that under [Microsoft Word 2.0], you
  have the line ProgramDir=C:\WINWORD (or whatever your Word for Windows
  directory name is).

...........................................................................

7.2.33.  Word for Windows 2.0: equation editor fonts
----------------------------------------------------
  If Word for Windows complains about missing MT Extra or MT Fences fonts,
  but they are installed in the control panel, you will need to reinstall
  them (this most commonly happens if you upgrade to Windows 3.1 after
  installing Word for Windows).  This is easiest done by using Word's Setup
  program to remove Equation Editor, removing the MT Extra and MT Fences
  fonts with Control Panel, and then reinstalling the Equation Editor.

  This bug most frequently occurs if your printer port is set to FILE: when
  installing Word for Windows.

...........................................................................

7.2.34.  Word for Windows 2.0: equations have too much white space
------------------------------------------------------------------
  If you're using superscipts or subscripts in your equation, there will
  likely be too much whitespace above the equation.  If you check the
  character format, the equation will be subscripted by a large number, such
  as 40 points.  You can manually reset the subscript amount; however, the
  subscript will be set again when you print, if you have Update Fields
  checked under File / Print / Options.

  You can also use the following macro (written by Harvey Cohen,
  [e-mail]) to correct the spacing of all the equations in your
  document:
       Sub MAIN
       StartOfDocument
       ViewFieldCodes 1
       EditFindClearFormatting
       EditReplaceChar .Font = "", .Points = "", .Bold = - 1, .Italic = - 1,
                 .Strikeout = - 1, .Hidden = - 1, .SmallCaps = - 1,
                 .AllCaps = - 1, .Underline = - 1, .Color = - 1,
                 .Position = "0pt", .Spacing = ""
       EditReplace .Find = "^19EMBED EQUATION ", .Replace = "^m",
                 .WholeWord = 1, .MatchCase = 1, .Format = 1, .ReplaceAll = 1
       ViewFieldCodes 0
       End Sub

  This problem is corrected in Word for Windows 2.0b.

...........................................................................

7.2.35.  Word for Windows 2.0: file too big to save
---------------------------------------------------
  This appears to be an oocasional problem with versions 2.0 and 2.0a,
  although most users never experience it, even when working with large
  documents.

  Some of the workarounds that have been reported to work for some users are:
      Select the entire document and paste it into another document
      Select a non-PostScript printer and save
      Save the document as RTF
      Turn off Fast Save

...........................................................................

7.2.36.  Word for Windows 2.0: headers and graphics
---------------------------------------------------
  If you have problems with disappearing headers or footers, or with
  displayable graphics not printing, call Microsoft customer support for an
  upgrade to version 2.0a.

...........................................................................

7.2.37.  Word for Windows 2.0: mixed landscape/portrait document eats system
resources
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
--------
  You may experience problems with a mixed landscape/portrait-mode document
  consuming all available system resources.  This is caused by a bug in an
  early version of the pscript.drv PostScript driver.  This problem is
  corrected by getting a new copy of the PostScript driver, with version 3.53
  or later.

...........................................................................

7.2.38.  Word for Windows 2.0b: printing from Print Preview
-----------------------------------------------------------
  If you install the macros in pss.doc (included with Word 2.0b), you will no
  longer be able to print from the Print Preview window.  The following are
  two workarounds provided by Ron Apland <[e-mail]>:

      Select Tools / Macro / Edit FilePrint, erase the existing macro and
      insert the following:
        Sub MAIN
            Dim dlg As FilePrint
            GetCurValues dlg
            Dialog dlg
            Super FilePrint dlg
        EndSub
               This will get you back to the original print macro.

      Select Tools / Macro / Edit FilePrint, and insert the following
      immediately after Sub MAIN:
          chkpv = FilePrintPreview()
          If chkpv <> 0 Then
            Dim dlg As FilePrint
            GetCurValues dlg
            Dialog dlg
            Super FilePrint dlg
            Goto Bye
          EndIf
               This will run the original print macro if and only if you are
      using Print Preview.

...........................................................................

7.2.39.  WordPerfect for Windows 1.0: floppy access
---------------------------------------------------
  If  WordPerfect for Windows refuses to access your A: drive, add the line
       HighFloppyReads=0
  in the [386Enhanced] section of your system.ini file.

...........................................................................

7.2.40.  WordPerfect for Windows 1.0: button bar won't display
--------------------------------------------------------------
  If  WordPerfect for Windows won't display your button bar despite selecting
  it from the menus, make sure it is looking in the right directory.  Select
  Macros / Keyboards / Button Bars, and make sure the directory is set to
  your macros subdirectory.

...........................................................................

7.2.41.  WordPerfect for Windows 1.0: crashes with 256-color display driver
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
  WordPerfect for Windows may crash (with a UAE or GPF) when used with a
  display driver capable of using more than 16 colors, or when used with
  ATI's Crystal Fonts driver.  To correct this problem, contact WordPerfect
  technical support, and request a copy of the interim release.  Once you
  have the interim release, start it with the /fl option to avoid crashes.

...........................................................................

7.2.42.  WordPerfect for Windows 5.2: incorrect table of contents
-----------------------------------------------------------------
  WordPerfect for Windows 5.2 (and possibly also 1.0) may produce an
  incorrect table of contents for your document.  If this happens, try
  removing any conditional end-of-pages and block protects.  This problem
  will apparently not be corrected until version 6.0.

...........................................................................

7.2.43.  WordPerfect for Windows 1.0: mixing landscape and portrait pages
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
  WordPerfect for Windows will not allow you to mix landscape and portrait
  pages in a single document if you are using a Windows printer driver.  This
  is a known limitation and not classified as a bug.

...........................................................................

7.2.44.  WordPerfect for Windows 1.0: printing with TrueType
------------------------------------------------------------
  WordPerfect for Windows will correctly print documents containing TrueType
  fonts only if one of the following is true:
       * You are using a Windows-based printer driver, not a WordPerfect one.
       * You are using a TrueImage printer, with a WordPerfect driver which
          supports TrueType.

---------------------------------------------------------------------------

7.3.  Available Windows 3.x applications
========================================
  The following sections list some of the applications available for Windows
  3.x  While it does not attempt to be a comprehensive list, it does attempt
  to list the most popular commercial software packages and some selected
  shareware.  This is not intended to be a review, but, rather, an overview
  of available titles.  You should perform your own evaluation to determine
  the software best suited to your needs.

  All prices listed are U.S. list prices at time of compilation, and cannot
  guaranteed to be correct.

  If the application is available on another platform at better or at least
  substantially the same level of development, a code indicating that is
  shown in the header.  Windows NT portability is not shown, as Windows NT is
  not yet available, and while most major vendors have announced NT versions
  of their software, very little concrete information is available.:

     [Mac]  Macintosh
     [Sun]  Sun OpenLook
     [Motif]   Motif
     [PM]   OS/2 Presentation Manager

  See the Windows Programming Tools FAQ for a description of available
  development tools.


...........................................................................

7.3.1.  Mainstream applications
-------------------------------



7.3.1.1.  Databases, non-programmable

* AceFile for Windows
  Ace.  An easy-to-use database with a very good user interface and excellent
  reporting capabilities but mediocre database functionality.  List $ 199.

* Approach for Windows
  Approach.  A simple database with strong database functions but serious
  limitations for programming.  List $ 399.

* DataEase for Windows
  Approach.  A capable low-end database with a flashy user interface,
  suffering from bugs and a lack of import facilities.  List $ 395.

* FileMaker Pro [Mac]
  Approach.  A well-designed port of the Macintosh FileMaker, offering good
  scripting and layout capabilities, but weak multifile features.  List $
  395.

* PrimaBase
  SPCS.  A low-end database with sophisticated multifile handling an
  reporting, but character-oriented user interface.  List $ 349.


7.3.1.2.  Databases, programmable

* Access
  Microsoft.  A highly visually oriented full-featured database with strong
  GUI features, including OLE fields, Visual Basic-like programming and
  visual database construction.  SQL and ODBC support.  List $ 495.

* CA-dBFast for Windows
  Computer Associates.  A fast and powerful xBase compatible database;
  earlier versions suffered from poor QA.  List $ 550.

* DB Vista III
  Raima.  A network (not relational) database.

* dBase for Windows
  Borland.  Announced, but not expected to be shipping until 1Q94.  Feature
  set not well known.

* FoxPro 2.5 for Windows  [Mac]
  Microsoft.  A Windows rewrite of FoxPro, with many Windows-specific
  features.  Fast and powerful, using the xBase programming language.  List $
  495.

* Paradox for Windows  [Mac]
  Borland.  Announced, but not shipping.  A new Windows version of the
  venerable Paradox for DOS.  Many GUI features and an object-based
  programming language, but programs are not compatible with the DOS version.
  List $ 795.

* Personal Access
  Spinnaker.  An easy-to-use programmable database using a HyperCard-like
  metaphor.  Includes access to dBase, Paradox, Btrieve and Oracle databases,
  List $ 695.

* Progress  [Sun] [Motif]
  Progress Software.  A Windows version of Progress 4GL, which runs on DOS
  VMS, and dozens of different Unix versions.  Version 6.2 provides limited
  access to Windows interface; 7.0 will access a fuller feature set.  List $
  ?.  Runtime licences.

* Superbase 4
  SPC.  A graphical database package with some user interface oddities and
  problems, but with solid programming support.  List $ 795.



7.3.1.3.  Desktop publishing

* ArcheType Designer
  Archetype.  A full-featured package for relatively short commercial
  material such as ads and brochures.  List $ 795.

* Express Page
  Carberry Technology.  An front end for PageMaker for doing quick layout
  designs and draft versions.  List $ 195.

* FrameMaker 3.0 for Windows  [Sun] [Motif] [Mac]
  Frame.  A high-end integrated word processing and desktop publishing
  package.  List $ 795.

* Microsoft Publisher
  Microsoft.  An easy-to-use package with an extensive feature set but
  missing high-end capabilties.  List $ 199.

* PageMaker for Windows  [Mac]
  Aldus.  A full-featured high-end package.  List $ 795.

* PagePlus for Windows
  Serif.  A low-price packaged with some high-end features.  List $ 149.

* Publish It!
  Timeworks.  A feature-rich basic package.  List $ 199.

* QuarkXPress for Windows [Mac]
  Quark.  A high-end package with precise layout and positioning and powerful
  color handling, but not designed for long documents.  List $ 895.

* Ventura Publisher, Windows Edition
  Xerox.  A full-featured high-end package, ported from the original GEM-
  based version.  List $ 795.


7.3.1.4.  Financial Management

* Balance Point
  Moon Valley.  A personal finance manager with portfolio management, but a
  poor user interface design.  List $ 59.

* Microsoft Money
  Microsoft.  An easy-to-use personal financial management package, fairly
  comparable to Quicken but missing portfolio management.  List $ 69.

* Quicken for Windows  [Mac]
  Intuit.  The benchmark for personal finance manager software.  Compatible
  with the ubiquitous Quicken for DOS.  List $ 69.

* WinCheck
  Wilson WindowWare.  A nicely designed shareware package, but without
  portfolio management.  Registration $ 69.


7.3.1.5.  Groupware

* 1Team
  1Soft.  A networked PIM aimed at scheduling and to-do lists, with a very
  similar user interface to Active Life.  Evaluation copies are available
  from cica and other sites.  List $ 295 (2-user), $ 99 (additional users).

* Network Scheduler 3.0
  PowerCore.  Network-based group scheduler.  List $ 395 (5-user), $ 1,195
  (25-user).

* Lotus Notes
  Lotus.  Integrated information sharing using networks.  List $ 62,500 (200-
  user).

* NOTE-IT
  Chord. A network-based system of using Post-It notes.  List $ 249
  (unlimited).

* PackRat for Networks
  Polaris.  A version of PackRat for networks, with group scheduling, and
  document and information sharing.  List $ 695 (3 users).

* Pinboard
  Raindrop Software.  Post-It notes for Windows.  List $ 399 (unlimited).


7.3.1.6.  Integrated sofware

* CA-Simply Business
  Computer Associates.  Accounting, word processing, 3-D spreadsheet, project
  scheduling and graphics.  List $ 567.

* Eight-In-One for Windows
  Spinnaker.  Word processor, spreadsheet, database, communications and
  graphics.  List $ 59.

* PFS: WindowWorks
  Spinnaker.  Word processor, spreadsheet, database, communications and
  graphics.  List $ 149.

* Microsoft Works for Windows  [Mac]
  Microsoft.  Word processor, spreadsheet, database, communications and
  graphics.  List $ 199.

* Microsoft Works for Windows, Multimedia Edition
  Microsoft.  Word processor, spreadsheet, database, communications and
  graphics.  Multimedia tutorial; available on CD-ROM only.  List $ 199.

Two other available packages, Microsoft Office and Lotus SmartSuite, consist
of bundled individual applications from the respective vendors, and are not
integrated systems in the traditional sense.



7.3.1.7.  Personal Information Management

* Active Life
  1Soft.  A PIM aimed at scheduling and to-do lists.  Evaluation copies are
  available from cica and other sites.  List $ 149.

* Ascend
  NewQuest technologies.  A high-end PIM with to-do lists, dialer, scheduling
  and information management.  List $ 299.

* Commence
  Jensen-Jones.  A high-end forms-based personal information manager, from
  the developers of IBM Current.  Has a very flexible network-type database,
  but requires substantial initial effort to set up.  Also includes advanced
  macros and agents (macro trigger events). List $ 295 (Upgrade from Current
  $ 99).

* Current
  IBM.  A high-end forms-based personal information manager.  Has a very
  flexible network-type database, but requires substantial initial effort to
  set up.  IBM has announced that it plans to discontinue sales (but not
  support) of Current.  List $ 395.

* Desktop Set
  Okna.  Calendar, rolodex, dialer, to-do list, etc.  List $ 89.

* Desktop Set Jr.
  Okna.  A freely distributable older version of the Desktop Set.  Free.

* Epoch
  Raindrop Software.  Scheduler and to-do list.  List $ 129.

* ManagePro for WIndows
  Avantos Performance Systems.  A crossover between a PIM and a project
  manager, with strength in group goal tracking.  List $ 395.

* Lotus Organizer
  Lotus.  A low-priced PIM with extensive features.  Uses Day-Timer paradigm
  for organizing information.  List $ 149.

* PackRat
  Polaris.  A high-end PIM with agenda, phonebook, to-do list, financial
  management, project tracking, etc.  Network version available.  List $ 395.

* Pinboard
  Raindrop Software.  Post-It notes for Windows.  List $ 129.

* Pin-Up
  Post-It notes for Windows.  Registration $ 20..

* ShoeBox for Windows
  R+R Associates.  A high-end PIM with group scheduling, project and expense
  tracking, calendar and to-do lists.  List $ 395.

* WinPost
  Eastern Mountain Software.  An excellent shareware package for managing
  Post-It notes on the Windows desktop.  Registration $ 30.

* YourWay
  Prisma Software.  Time and contact management.  List $ 199.


7.3.1.8.  Project management

* CA-SuperProject for Windows
  Computer Associates.  A midrange rewrite of the venerable DOS-based
  package.  Includes access capability for C and Visual Basic.  List $ 895.

* CADENCE ProjectMaster
  CADENCE.  A low-end with task/responsibility linking.  List $ 295.

* ManagePro for WIndows
  Avantos Performance Systems.  A crossover between a PIM and a project
  manager, with strength in group goal tracking.  List $ 395.

* Milestones, Etc.
  KIDASA.  A low-end package oriented toward graphical scheduling.  List $
  189.

* OnTarget
  Symantec.  A low-end package.  List $ ?.

* Project Director
  AdRem.  List $ ?.

* Project for Windows  [Mac]
  Microsoft.  A midrange package with excellent user interfce but less
  emphasis on advanced scheduling.  $ 695.

* Scitor Project Scheduler
  Scitor.  List $ ?.


7.3.1.9.  Spreadsheets

* CA-Compete! 2.0
  Computer Associates.  A multidimensional spreadsheet, aimed at financial
  analysis,  with an Excel 2.0-based user interface.  List $ 995.

* Excel for Windows 4.0  [Mac]
  Microsoft.  A full-featured high-send spreadsheet.  List $ 495.

* Improv for Windows 1.0
  Lotus.  An unconventional (maybe even revolutionary) spreadsheet designed
  for multidimensional models using English-like formulas.  List $ 99 until
  93-05-23, $ 495 thereafter.

* Lotus 1-2-3 for Windows 1.1
  Lotus.  A high-end spreadsheet with extensive 3D and full 1-2-3 Classic
  compatability.  Suffers from poor performance compared to Excel and Quattro
  Pro.  List $ 495.

* Quattro Pro for Windows 1.0
  Borland.  A high-end spreadsheet with a notebook 3D idiom.  A strong
  contender, although currently a resource hog.  List $ 495.

* Thinx
  Bell Atlantic.  Not really a spreadsheet, but an application allowing you
  to build data and links between objects.  List $ 495.

* WingZ
  Informix.  A highly graphical midrange spreadsheet, now somewhat out of
  date.  List $ 499.


7.3.1.10.  Word processing

* Am! Pro 3.0
  Lotus.  A full-featured high-end package with desktop publishing features.
  Ami Pro 3.0 matches Word for Windows 2.0 in power and features.  List $
  495.

* CA-Textor
  Computer Associates.  A low-end word processor with OLE, tables and
  English/French spell checker.  List $ 225.

* FrameMaker 3.0 for Windows  [Mac] [Sun]
  Frame.  A high-end integrated word processing and desktop publishing
  package.  List $ 795.

* JPW
  ?.  A Japanese-language word processor.  Free.

* JustWrite
  Symantec.  A basic easy-to-use package.  List $ 199.

* Legacy
  NBI.  A frame-oriented high-end package.  Does not match Ami Pro or Word
  for Windows in features, speed or output quality.  List $ 495.

* Lotus Write 1.0
  Lotus.  A low-end easy-to-use package, previously sold as Samna Ami and
  then Lotus Ami. List $ ?.

* Professional Write Plus
  SPC.  A mid-range package with an E-mail interface.  List $ 249.

* Scientific Word
  TCI.  A Windows front end to TeX/LaTeX.  While this is an admirable attempt
  to combine the user-friendliness of Windows with the capabilities of TeX,
  the GUI front end falls far short of making it easy to take advantage of
  the power of TeX.  List $ ?.

* WinText
  Palsoft.  A lightweight executive word processor.  List $ 195.

* Word for Windows 2.0b  [Mac]
  Microsoft.  A full-featured high-end package aimed more at writing than at
  desktop publishing.  Includes WordPerfect command emulation.  List $ 495.

* WordPerfect for Windows  [Mac] [Sun]
  WordPerfect.  A full-featured high-end package.  Includes all WordPerfect
  printer drivers and a choice of CUA or WordPerfect user interface.  Cannot
  match the speed or features of Ami Pro or Word for Windows.  List $ 495.

* WordStar for Windows 1.5
  WordStar.  A near-high-end package originally based on Ami (unlike the
  short-lived NBI Legend-based Wordstar Legacy), with strong graphics and
  frame manipulation.  No macros.  List $ 495.

* XyWrite for Windows
  Technology Group.  A fully-featured Windows word processor based on IBM's
  stilllborn Signature product  [Announced but not yet shipping].  List $
  495.


7.3.1.11.  Word processing utilities

* Correct Grammar
  Writing Tools Group.  Corrects grammar and analyzes writing styles from any
  Windows application. List $ 119.

* Dorland's Medical Dictionary
  Dorland.  A specialized medical dictionary for most Windows-based word
  processors. List $ 99.

* DVIWindo
  Y&Y.  A TeX previewer for Windows.  List $ 175.

* Funk and Wagnalls Standard Desk Dictionary
  Inductel.  A dictionary with secretarial handbook, gazette and abbreviation
  directory.  List $ 79.

* Grammatik Windows
  Reference Software.  Grammar and style checker and analyzer for Word,
  WordPerfect and Ami Pro. List $ 99.

* MathType
  Design Science.  An excellent equation editor for Windows. List $ 249.

* OmniSpell
  Caere.  An extended spell checker with a 100,000 word main dictionary and
  specialized medical and legal dictionaries. List $ 100.

* QuoteMaster Plus
  Que.  A quote database oriented towards speeches and business documents.
  List $ 99.

* RightWriter
  Que.  A grammar and style checker for Windows. List $ 99.

* Spell checker & thesaurus
  Alki.  Foreign language spell checkers and thesauri for Word for Windows:
  Danish, Dutch, Finnish, German, Italian, Portuguese, Swedish and Spanish.
  List $ ? each.

* WOPR
  Pinecliffe International.  An extensive set of utilities for Word for
  Windows, including a toolbar bitmap editor. Registration $ 49.

...........................................................................

7.3.2.  Graphics applications
-----------------------------



7.3.2.1.  Databases, image

* MultimediaBase
  Harley.  List $ ?.

* MediaOrganizer
  Lenel.  List $ ?.

* ProFile for Windows
  IEV.  List $ 295.

* ShoeBox for Windows
  Kodak.  Announced, due to ship 4Q92.  List $ 295.


7.3.2.2.  Charting (flow and organizational)

* ABC Flowcharter
  Roykore.  A dedicated flowcharting package.  List $ 295.

* Chartist
  Novagraph.  A diagramming and flowcharting package.  Registration $ ?.

* Instant ORGcharting!
  Roykore.  A dedicated organizational charting package.  List $ 295.

* Org Plus for Windows
  Banner Blue Software.  A specialized package for creating organizational
  charts.  List $ ?.

* RFFlow
  RFF Electronics.  A drawing package for flowcharts, organizational charts,
  and data flow diagrams.  List $ 129.

* Visio
  ShapeWare.  A drawing package specialized in diagrams and flowcharts, with
  user-modifiable master patterns.  List $ 299.



7.3.2.3.  Drawing and illustration

* Arts & Letters Graphics Editor
  Computer Support.  A fairly easy-to-use high-end package.  List $ 695.

* Arts & Letters Apprentice
  Computer Support.  A stripped-down version of A&L.  List $ 125.

* Autodesk 3D Concepts
  Autodesk.  A 3D surface modeling package.  Reads Generic CADD and DXF
  files.  List $ 249.

* CorelDRAW!
  Corel.  The market leader in high-end drawing and illustration software,
  with extensive set of graphics and image manipulation tools.  Available on
  CD-ROM.  List $ 595.

* Freehand
  Aldus.  A high-end drawing and illustration package.  List $ 595.

* Graphics Works
  Micrografx.  A semi-integrated package containing Windows Draw, PhotoMagic,
  OrgChart and clip art and photo collections.  List $ 199.

* Harvard Draw for Windows
  SPC.  A high-end drawing package.  List $ 595.

* Micrografx Designer
  Micrografx.  A high-end package oriented towards technical illustration.
  List $ 695.

* Microsoft Draw
  Microsoft.  A very basic package with OLE.  Included with Word for Windows.

* Professional Draw
  Gold Disk.  A powerful high-end drawing package.  List $ 595.

* Smart Draw for Windows
  The Other Operation.  A 2-D CAD package for Windows.  List $ 99.

* VentanaDraw
  Micrografx.  A low-end drawing package.  List $ 149.

* Visio
  ShapeWare.  A drawing package specialized in diagrams and flowcharts, with
  user-modifiable master patterns.  List $ 299.

* Windows Draw
  Micrografx.  A low-end package with many high-end features, OLE and
  TrueType fonts.  List $ 149.

* XVT Draw  [Mac] [Sun] [Motif] [PM]
  XVT.  A shareware package with very basic features.  Registration $ ?.


7.3.2.4.  Graphics conversion

* DoDOT
  Halcyon.  Extensive file conversions and full-color editing.  List $ 189..

* Graphics Workshop for Windows
  Alchemy Mindworks.  An image conversion and manipulation utility with an
  extensive feature set.  Registration $ 40.

* HiJaak for Windows
  Inset.  A screen capture (for Windows and DOS) and conversion utility.
  List $ 199.

* Image-In Paint and Scan
  Image-In.  A grayscale painting and image processing package.  List $ 99.

* PaintShop Pro
  JASC.  A shareware package with extensive capture, file conversion and
  color manipulation features.  Registration $ 49.
* pixFolio
  ?.  A shareware image converter and cataloger.  Registration $ ?.



7.3.2.5.  Image viewers

* ColorView, ColorView/386
  Millenium Technologies.  A shareware package with both GIF and JPEG
  support.  Version 0.97 is quite fast but somewhat buggy.  Registration $
  30.

* GhostScript for Windows
  The GNU Project.  EPS (Encapsulated PostScript) viewer.  Free.

* JView, JView/386
  David Holliday.  A fairly fast JPEG-only viewer.  Free.

* PaintShop Pro
  JASC.  A shareware package with 24-bit color and good dithering but no JPEG
  support.  Registration $ 49.

* pixFolio
  ?.  A shareware image converter and cataloger.  Registration $ ?.

* WinGIF
  A GIF viewer, but with no JPEG support.  Registration $ ?.

* WinJPEG
  A Windows JPEG viewer.  Registration $ ?.


7.3.2.6.  Painting and image editing

* CA-Cricket Image
  Computer Associates.  A 24-bit image processing and conversion package.
  List $ 92 until 93-01-31, regularly $ 295.

* CA-Cricket Paint
  Computer Associates.  A 24-bit painting and image editing package.  List $
  92 until 93-01-31, regularly $ 595.

* CorelDRAW!
  Corel.  The market leader in high-end drawing and illustration software,
  with extensive set of graphics and image manipulation tools.  Available on
  CD-ROM.  List $ 595.

* DoDOT
  Halcyon.  Extensive file conversions and full-color editing.  List $ 189..

* Fractal Design Painter
  Fractal Design.  Fully-featured package oriented towards original image
  creation.  List $ 399.

* Graphics Works
  Micrografx.  A semi-integrated package containing Windows Draw, PhotoMagic,
  OrgChart and clip art and photo collections.  List $ 199.

* Image-In Color
  Image-In.  A 24-bit image processing and retouching package.  List $ 495.

* Image-In Paint and Scan
  Image-In.  A grayscale painting and image processing package.  List $ 99.

* Image Pals
  Image-In.  A 24-bit image processing  and management package, with JPEG
  support.  List $ 249.

* PhotoFinish
  ZSoft.  A low-end image manipulation package, with good MDI interface, 24-
  bit color and JPEG support.  List $ 199.

* PhotoMagic
  Micrografx.  A low-end 24-bit color image manipulation package, with JPEG
  support.  List $ 149.

* Picture Publisher
  Micrografx.  A powerful image manipulation package.  List $ 795.

* Publishers' Paintbrush
  Zsoft.  Extensive 24-bit painting and image manipulation capabilities.
  List $ 495.


7.3.2.7.  Presentation and business graphics

* 3-D Charts To Go!
  BLOC.  An easy-to-use (but fairly basic) charting package.  List $ 99.

* Action!
  Macromedia.  A top quality presentation package with excellent tools and
  output quality, but no 24-bit color support.  List $ 495.

* Arts & Letters Graphic Composer
  Computer Support Corp.  A full-featured presentation package with 24-bit
  support.  List $ 395.

* Charisma
  Micrografx.  A high-end charting and business graphics package.  List $
  495.

* DeltaGraph Professional
  Deltapoint.  A scientific/business graphics package  List $ ?.

* Freelance for Windows
  Lotus.  A fully featured charting and business graphics package.  List $
  495.

* GNUplot for Windows
  The GNU Project.  A command-line driven plotting package, also available on
  a wide variety of other platforms.  Free.

* Harvard Graphics for Windows
  SPC.  A full-featured Windows-based rewrite of the venerable Harvard
  Graphics for DOS.  List $ ?.

* Hollywood
  Claris.  A high-end presentation package, previously marketed by IBM.  List
  $ 499.

* Origin
  MicroCal.  A technically oriented presentation package with graph layers.
  Suitable for scientific graphics.  List $ 495.

* Persuasion
  Aldus.  A high-end package capable of output to 35mm slides and other
  transparencies.  List $ 495.

* Pixie
  Zenographics.  A midrange business graphics package.  List $ 295.

* Powerpoint  [Mac]
  Microsoft.  A full-featured presentation software package.  List $ 495.

* SigmaPlot
  ?.  A scientific plotting package.  List $ ?.

* Stanford Graphics for Windows
  3-D Visions.  A presentation software package with many technical features,
  but not enough for serious scientic graphs.  With extensive 3D graphics and
  other powerful features, but will make a 486/33 seem slow.  List $ 495.

...........................................................................

7.3.3.  Communications
----------------------



7.3.3.1.  Communications (ASCII)

* Crosstalk for Windows
  DCA.  A totally revised high-end package with VT320, Zmodem and LAN
  support.  List $ 195.

* Dynacomm
  FutureSoft.  VT340 and Zmodem support.  List $ 249.

* EM320 Windows
  Diversified Computer Systems.  VT320 emulation, Kermit.  List $ 229.

* KEAterm 420
  KEA Systems.  VT420 and SuperKermit over TCP/IP, Pathworks, LAT and Int14.
  List $ 245.

* MasterComm
  MicroPlot Systems.  VT220, Tek4010, Tek4014, Kermit, XModem support.
  Connect through modem, DECNET, Novell, 3Com or TCP/IP.  List $ 95.

* MicroCourier
  Microcom.  List $ 99.

* MicroPhone II for Windows  [Mac]
  Software Ventures.  VT102, Zmodem and Novell support.  List $ 195.

* Mirror
  SoftKlone.  VT320 and Tektronix emulation with Zmodem, CIS-B and Kermit
  protocols.  List $ 195.

* Procomm Plus for Windows
  Datastorm.  Numerous emulations (including VT320) and protocols (including
  Zmodem) and an advanced (if somewhat non-standard) user interface.  List $
  139.

* Reflection 1 for Windows
  Walker Richer & Quinn.  HP2392A and HP700/92 emulation.  List $ 399.

* Reflection 2 for Windows
  Walker Richer & Quinn.  VT320, Kermit, Xmodem.  List $ 299.

* Teemtalk 320W
  Pericom Software.  VT320, HP2392A, DG200 emulation. Kermit, XModem, YModem
  protocols.  List $ 195.

* Terminal Plus
  FutureSoft.  An advanced version of Windows Terminal, usign a similar user
  interface, with VT220 and Zmodem.  List $ 99.

* Unicom
  Registration $ ?.

* WinQVT
  Registration $ ?.

* WinTerm
  Marketfield Software Development.  VT220 over TCP/IP, NetBIOS, LAT, Int14
  and others.  List $ 279.


7.3.3.2.  Communications (IBM mainframe)

* Dynacomm Elite
  FutureSoft.  3270 emulation through a variety of connections.  List $ 495.

* Extra!
  Attachmate.  3270 emulation through coax, TIC or LAN.  List $ 425.

* IRMA WorkStation
  DCA.  3270 emulation through a variety of connections, and also including
  asynchronous terminal emulation.  List $ 495.

* LinkUp 3270 UniSession
  Computer Logics.  3270 emulation and more.  List $ 295.

* Rumba
  Wonderware.  3270 emulation with extensive GUI customization.  List $ 495.



7.3.3.3.  Facsimile

* Bitfax for Windows
  Bit Software.  List $ 79.

* Bitfax/OCR for Windows
  Bit Software.  With OCR support for converting faxes into text.  List $
  199.

* Eclipse FAX
  Eclipse.  A fax printer driver with thumbnails and good speed.  List $ 119.

* FaxView for Windows
  Black Ice Software.  With color fax support.  List $ 179.

* EZ-FAX for Windows
  Calculus.  A fax printer driver.  List $ 499.

* FAXability
  Intel.  A fax printer driver.  List $ 119.

* FAXability/OCR
  Intel.  A fax printer driver with character recognition.  List $ 249.

* FaxFiler/FaxCapture
  Extended Systems.  A network fax management system.  List $ 695 / $ 495.

* FAXit for Windows
  SofNet.  A fax printer driver.  List $ 119.

* FaxMaster
  Caere.  A fax printer driver with scanning and scheduling capabilities.
  List $ 149.

* FaxMaster Server
  Caere.  A network fax server for FaxMaster.  List $ 695.

* FaxView for Windows
  Black Ice Software.  List $ 129.

* FaxPress 3.0
  Castelle.  Network fax service with a Windows client interface.  List $
  3,495.

* Imara Lite
  Imara Research.  A hierarchical document manager and fax processor.  List $
  295.

* LanFax Redirector
  Alcom.  Client/server based network fax.  List $ 995.

* ShareFax for Windows
  SofNet.  Network fax for any Windows-compatible network.  List $149 (2-
  user).

* SuperFax for Windows
  Pacific Image Communications.  List $ 99.

* WinFax Pro
  Delrina.  An advanced version of WinFax (which is supplied with many fax
  cards); the fax device appears to Windows as a printer.  Version 3.0
  includes advanced fax management features.List $ 119.


7.3.3.4.  Internet news and mail readers

* Cinetic Mail Manager
  ?.  A Windows-based mail reader for reading your Unix mailbox through NFS.
  Registration $ ?.

* Helldiver
  ?.  A Windows newsreader based on Waffle.  Registration $ ?.

* Mail-It
  UniPalm.  A Windows mail program.  List $ ?.

* WinQVTnet
  QPC Software. NNTP and SLIP support.  Uses non-standard .newsrc files.
  Registration $ ?.

* Umail
  Marcus Ranum. A Windows-based Unix mail manager; manages your mail files
  through NFS, FTP or serial line.  Available by ftp at decuac.dec.com in
  directory pub/dos.  Free.

* WinQVTnet
  ?. NNTP and SLIP support.  Uses non-standard .newsrc files.  Registration $
  ?.

* WinNews
  ?.  A WinSock-based newsreader for Windows NT.  Registration ?.

* WinVN
  Mark Riordan.  Available at ftp.cica.indiana.edu.  NNTP, SLIP and serial
  support.  Free.

* WRN
  Frank van der Hulst.  NNTP-based newsreader, inspired by xrn.  Free.


7.3.3.5.  Remote Access

* Carbon Copy
  Microcom.  Control the applications, files and peripherals of a Windows
  system remotely from another one.  List $ 199.



7.3.3.6.  TCP/IP Networking

* Chameleon TCP/IP
  NetManage.  Telnet, FTP, printing and email.  List $ 400.

* Distinct TCP/IP
  Distinct.  VT100-based Telnet, a TCP/IP file manager and a TCP/IP backup
  utility.  List $ 395.

* Pathway Access
  Wollongong.  Telnet, FTP, printing and optional NFS.  List $ 495 (?).

* Super-TCP
  Frontier Technologies.  Telnet, FTP, printing and email.  List $ 495.



7.3.3.7.  X Windows servers

* eXcursion
  DEC.  List $ ?.

* FrameworX
  IDE.  Includes TCP/IP.  List $ 545.

* eXodus for Windows

* HCL-eXceed/W
  Hummingbird Communications.  List $ 545.

* PC-Xview for Windows
  Spectragraphics.  List $ 445.

* XVision
  UniPress Software.  X11R4 support.  List $ 449.

...........................................................................

7.3.4.  Fonts
-------------



7.3.4.1.  Font packages

* Agfa Desktop Styles
  Agfa.  39 TrueType text and display faces.  List $ 79.

* Agfa Type Jamboree
  Agfa.  46 TrueType text and symbol faces.  List $ 99.

* Bitstream TrueType Font Pack 1
  Bitstream.  40 TrueType text and display faces.  List $ 79.

* Bitstream TrueType Font Pack 2
  Bitstream.  20 TrueType text and display faces.  List $ 39.

* Blue Sky Research Outline Fonts
  Y&Y.  The full set of Computer Modern fonts in Type 1 format.  List $ 345.

* Fluent Laser Fonts Library
  Casady & Greene.  120 text and display faces.  List $ 179.

* Font Value Pack
  QualiType.  150 faces plus 1500 icons.  List $ 99.

* infiniType Plus
  SoftMaker.  124 typefaces from URW and Graphitech font foundries, included
  in both TrueType and Type 1 formats.  List $ 99.

* Microsoft TrueType Font Pack
  Microsoft.  Lucida Bright, Lucida Sans (? fonts total).  List $ 49.

* Monotype PostScript Value Pack
  Monotype.  57 Type 1 text and display faces, including Baskerville, Book
  Antiqua, Bookman, Calisto, Century Gothic and Century Schoolbook.  List $
  89.

* Monotype Presentation FontPack
  Monotype.  TrueType versions of  Albertus, Gill Sans Bold Extra Condensed
  and Swing Bold.  List $ 19.

* Monotype TrueType Value Pack
  Monotype.  57 TrueType text and display faces, including Baskerville, Book
  Antiqua, Bookman, Calisto, Century Gothic and Century Schoolbook.  List $
  89.

* QualiType Fonts
  QualiType.  135 TrueType fonts plus 1500 icons.  List $ 99.

* Optifonts
  Castcraft Software.  400 TrueType text and display faces on CD-ROM.  List $
  996.

* SuperType Master Library
  QualiType.  150 TrueType faces plus 1500 icons.  List $ 99.

* Top Fonts
  EIQ Engineering.  93 TrueType text and display faces.  List $ 199.

* TrueType Font Pack for Windows
  Upgrade Systems.  600 TrueType text and display faces.  List $ 129.

* TypeCase
  SWFTE International.  131 TrueType text and display faces.  List $ 69.

Individual font packages are also available for varying prices from companies
such as Adobe, Bitstream, Monotype and Image Club.  Some software, such as
CorelDRAW! and Windows Draw also include bundled TrueType fonts.



7.3.4.2.  Font managers

* Adobe Type Manager  [Mac]
  Adobe.  A scalable font manager; supports Adobe Type 1.  List $ 99.

* Bitstream FaceLift
  Bitstream.  A scalable font manager; supports Speedo, TrueType and Adobe
  Type 1.  List $ 99.

* Incubator for Windows
  Type Solutions.  A scalable font manager with special effects.  List $ 149.

* Publisher's Powerpak for Windows
  Atech.  A scalable font manager.  List $ 79.

* WorldFont
  Data-Cal.  A scalable font manager with international language support.
  List $ 149.



7.3.4.3.  Font utilities

* AllType
  Atech.  Typeface conversion utility; supports Type 1, Type 3, TrueType and
  Speedo.  Has some problems in conversions, and no hinting  List $ 79.

* FontMinder
  Ares.  Manages fonts by allowing you to activate and deactivate sets of
  fonts.  List $ 79.

* EZ Effects
  Filmotype.  Slants, condenses and rotates TrueType fonts.  List $ 129.

* FontMonger for Windows  [Mac]
  Ares.  Typeface editing and conversion utility; supports Type 1, Type 3 and
  TrueType.  Has automatic hinting only.  List $ 129.

* Fontographer for Windows  [Mac]
  Typeface editing utility; supports Type 1 and TrueType.  Has automatic
  hinting only.  List $ ?.

* MoreFonts
  MicroLogic.  A font manipulation and modification package.  List $ 129.

* SoftType
  ZSoft.  A scalable and printer font generation and manipulation package.
  List $ 199.

* TrueType Font Installer
  Kai Kaltenbach.  Preview, print samples and install TrueType fonts.
  Registration: a science fiction book.


...........................................................................

7.3.5.  Utilities
-----------------



7.3.5.1.  Archiving utilies

* CCI Zip
  A Windows-based shell for PKZIP.  Registration $ ?.

* SHEZ
  A Windows-based shell for PKZIP.  Registration $ ?.

* WinZip
  Nico Mak.  An integrated Zip/Unzip utility; does not require PKUNZIP.  Also
  handles ARC and LZH archives.  Registration $ 29.

* WizUnzip
  An integrated Unzip utility; does not require PKUNZIP.  Registration $ ?.

* WUNA
  An integrated archiving utility, which handles .zip, .arj, .lzh and .arc
  formats.  Registration $ ?.


7.3.5.2.  Backup software

* Back-It
  Gazelle.  Automatic and unattended backups to tape and floppies.  Supports
  a wide variety of tape drives, including QIC-02 and SCSI units.  List $
  149.

* Central Point Back-Up
  Central Point Software.  A popular backup utility, albeit with limited tape
  drive support.  List $ 99.

* Distinct Back-Up
  Distinct.  Background backups using tool bars.  List $ 129.

* Norton Desktop for Windows
  Symantec.  Program manager, file manager, file recovery, backup.  List $
  179.

* PC Tools
  Central Point Software.  Some Windows tools and a Windows-based backup.
  Supports some SCSI tape drives.  List $ 179.

* SitBack
  AitBack Technologies. Automated backups (with LAN support) to any DOS
  storage device.  List $ 139.


7.3.5.3.  Benchmarking utilities

* WinBench
  PC Magazine.  Benchmarks performance with typical application usage.  Free.

* WinTach
  Texas Instruments.  Benchmarks performance with typical application usage.
  Free.


7.3.5.4.  Clock utlities

* BarClock
  Patrick Breen.  A flexible utility which places a digital clock, free
  memory or free resources on active window's title bar.  Free.

* TimeFrame
  Places a digital clock on active window's title bar.  Free.

* WTime
  Dials up an atomic clock to set the correct time on your system.  Free.


7.3.5.5.  Desktop enhancers

* BigDesk
  ?.  A scrollable virtual Windows desktop.  Registration $ ?.

* More Windows
  Aristosoft.  A virtual Windows desktop.  List $ 99.

* TopDesk
  ?.  A scrollable virtual Windows desktop.  Registration $ ?.

* WorkShift
  ?.  A virtual Windows workspace with separate desktops.  Registration $ ?.

* WorkSpaces
  ?.  A virtual Windows workspace with separate desktops.  Registration $ ?.



7.3.5.6.  Program launchers: File Manager type

* File Shuttle XPress
  GetC Software.  File Manager features, networking and LapLink-like file
  transfer.  List $ 140.

* Metz File F/X
  Metz Software. File manager, file find, undelete, text search and task
  manager.  List $ 129.

* Salvation
  Vitesse.  Complete file management and viewing, with program launching and
  tool bars.  List $ 125.

* XTree for Windows
  XTree.  A Windows version of the venerable DOS-based XTree.  List $ 99.



7.3.5.7.  Program launchers: Program Manager type

* Folders
  Sloop Software.  Program Manager add-on providing nested folders.
  Registration $ 20.

* hDC Windows Express
  hDC.  An enhancement to the Program Manager. List $ 99.

* Plug-In
  Plannet Crafters.  A Program Manager extension providing group management,
  custom group icons, QuickRun menu and other enhancements.  Registration $
  20.

* Program Manager Groups
  Andreas Furrer.  A Program Manager add-on utility providing hierarchical
  groups.  Free.

* SloopMan
  ?.  A program manager replacement with groups-within-groups.  Registration
  $ ?.



7.3.5.8.  Program launchers: integrated desktops

* NewWave
  Hewlett-Packard.  An excellent object-oriented environment that goes far
  beyond OLE and Norton Desktop.  List $ 195.

* Norton Desktop for Windows
  Symantec.  Program manager, file manager, file recovery and backup in an
  integrated object-oriented environment.  List $ 179.

* PubTech File Organizer
  Publishing Technologies.  An integrated environment with file and program
  management.  List $ 199.

* WinTools
  Tools Technology.  An object-oriented shell with file and program
  management.  List $ 149.

* Workspace
  ARK Interface.  Program manager, file manager, file recovery, backup.  List
  $ 179.



7.3.5.9.  Program launchers: tool bars

* AppBar
  Geert van Kempen.  NeXT-style button bar: with trash can.  Free.

* hDC Power Launcher
  hDC.  Floating icon bars and an enhanced command line.  List $ 99.

* Next
  NeXT-style button bar.  Registration $ ?.

* Route 1
  D.A. Karp.  NeXT-style button bar: Visual Basic-based.  Registration $ 14.

* WinDock
  Brian Capson.  The class of the NeXT-style button bars: clean and easy to
  use.  Registration $ 15.



7.3.5.10.  Program launchers: commandline

* 4win
  A 4DOS-like shell for Windows; can start both DOS and Windows applications.
  Registration $ ?.

* PShell
  A somewhat Unix-like shell for Windows.  Registration $ ?.

* WCommand
  A command shell for Windows.  Registration $ ?.


7.3.5.11.  Program launchers: other


* BackMenu
  A minimalist approach to desktops: right-click on desktop to get a
  hierarchical pop-up menu.  Registration $ ?.

* Command Post
  Wilson WindowWare.  A command-line oriented shell.  List $ 49.

* Dashboard
  Hewlett-Packard.  Multiple views of application configurations.  List $ 99.

* DropDesk
  Scott Bender.  Drag files from the File Manager to the desktop to run them.
  Free.

* Dropper
  Freely arrangeable buttons on the desktop.  Registration $ ?.

* Finder
  A Macintosh Finder-type desktop.  Registration $ ?.

* Rooms
  Xerox.  Organize your applications into multiple desktops ("rooms"), and
  switch between them while running.  List $ ?.

* Sparta
  Karl Thoroddsen.  A Macintosh-style file manager/shell with hierarchical
  folders, drag-and-drop and a dustbin.  Free.

* Usher
  Right-click on desktop to get a pop-up menu of available applications.
  Definitely minimalist!  Registration $ ?.



7.3.5.12.  Task schedulers
  Norton Desktop and Central Point' PC Tools also include task schedulers.

* Clocker
  Winnovation.  Schedules processes for unattended execution.  Includes a
  central network database facility.  Registration $ 25 (single copy).

* ClockMan
  ?.  Registration $ ?.

* E'vent Manager
  Merasoft.  Builds complex macros that can be scheduled in advance.  List $
  179.



7.3.5.13.  Task managers

* Metz File F/X
  Metz Software. File manager, file find, undelete, text search and task
  manager.  List $ 129.

* Task Manager
  Guenter Schwaninger.  Registration $ 10.


7.3.5.14.  Miscellaneous

* ClipStac
  PC Magazine.  A utility for managing a clipboard "stack" instead of justa a
  single item on the clipboard.  Free.

* Cloak
  Lorry Back Software.  Hides undesired icons.  Charityware.

* GetSet
  Set Inc.  A startup manager allowing the selection of a configuration from
  a list on Windows startup.  Free.

* Immunity
  Unitrol.  Disk Mirroring for protection against hardware failure.  List $
  249.

* Print Manager
  Saber.  Network printer management tool.  List $ 79 (single-user).

* PrintIt!
  Text file viewing and printing utility.  Free.

* TimeFrame
  Places a digital clock on active window's title bar.  Free.

* WinSleuth Gold
  A windows analysis and diagnostic tool.  List $ 169.

...........................................................................

7.3.6.  Technical and engineering
---------------------------------



7.3.6.1.  CAD software

* AutoCAD R12 for Windows
  Autodesk.  A mid-to-high-end CAD system oriented toward civil and
  architectural applications, with 3D capabilties.  A true Windows version of
  AutoCAD Rel. 12, not a front end as the earlier version; also to be
  available for Windows NT.  List $ 3,995.

* CADvance 5 for Windows 3.1
  ISICAD.  A mid-to-high-end package with full AutoCAD file compatability and
  excellent Windows integration.  List $ 1,995 (competitive upgrade $ 395).

* Drafix Windows CAD
  Foresight Resources.  A midrange 2-D CAD package.  List $ 595.

* MicroStation 4.03 Nexus
  Intergraph.  A mid-to-high end CAD system with a Motif interface and
  minimal Windows features, but including DDE and OLE.  List $ ?.

* Smart Draw for Windows
  The Other Operation.  A low-cost low-end 2-D CAD package.  List $ 99.

* TurboCAD Professional
  Insi.  A low-cost 2D CAD package with parametric capabilities and bill of
  materials.  List $ 395.

* Ultimate CAD Windows
  Automated Methods.  A midrange 2-D CAD package, with DDE.  List $ 695.


...........................................................................

7.3.7.  Engineering
-------------------

* SODA
  Acronym.  A structural steel design and analysis package.  List $ 495.

* Spice32  [NT]
  Robert Zeff.  A Win32s version of Berkeley's Spice 3e2 circuit emulator.
  Free.

* WoodWorks in Canada  [Mac]
  Canadian Wood Council.  A structural wood design package, using the
  Canadian building code only.  List $ 495.


...........................................................................

7.3.8.  Mathematical
--------------------

* MathCAD
  A mathematical workbench/typesetting package.  Version 4.0 uses the Win32s
  DLLs for 32-bit performance.  List $ ?

* Mathematica
  Wolfram.  A symbolic math package.  List $ ?

* Maple for Windows  [Mac] [Sun] [Motif]
  Waterloo Maple.  A symbolic math package.  List $ ?.


...........................................................................

7.3.9.  Statistics
------------------

* SAS for Windows [PM] [Sun]
  SAS Institute.  The classic (and powerful) mainframe statistics package
  with a fresh face.  Announced but not yet shipping.  List $ 695 (base
  package), $395/year after 1st year.

* SPSS for Windows [PM]
  SPSS.  A powerful statistics package with mainframe origins but with a well
  thought-out Windows interface.  List $ 2995 (full package).

* Systat for Windows
  Systat.  Powerfful statistics and excellent graphics, but has some user
  interface quirks.  List $ 895 (full package).

* WinFit
  Yaron Danon.  A non-linear least-squares fitting package.  Registration $
  ?.


...........................................................................

7.3.10.  Multimedia and entertainment
-------------------------------------



7.3.10.1.  CD audio players

* CD
  John Junod.  A fairly basic Windows audio CD player, with source.  Free.

* CD Player
  ?.  A basic Windows audio CD player.  Registration $ 10.

* Media Player
  Microsoft.  An basic audio CD player.  Included with Windows 3.1.

* WinCD
  BFM Software.  An audio CD player with shuffle play and programming.
  Registration $ 10.

* WinCD Pro
  Apriori Software.  An audio CD player with all the features one could think
  of, and then some more.  List $ 49.



7.3.10.2.  Games and entertainment

* ChessNet
  Masque.  Chess against computer or via modem or network.  List $ 49.

* Kaleidokubes
  Artworx.  Color domino cubes (1 or 2 player).  List $ 49.

* Microsoft Golf
  Microsoft.  A Windows-based version of Links 386, with excellent control
  and high-quality scenery.  List $ 65.

* New York Times Crossword Puzzle
  SWFTE.  200 daily and 50 Sunday crossword puzzles.  List $ 49.

* SimCity for Windows
  Maxis.  A sophisticated simulation of a city.  List $ ?.

* Symantec Game Pack for Windows
  Symantec.  Six Windows games.  List $ 39.

* Windows Entertainment Pack Vol. 1
  Microsoft.  Tetris, Minesweeper, Golf solitaire, Cruel solitaire, and more.
  List $ 39.

* Windows Entertainment Pack Vol. 2
  Microsoft.  Tut's Tomb solitaire, FreeCell solitaire, Pipe Dream, and more.
  List $ 39.

* Windows Entertainment Pack Vol. 3
  Microsoft.  Fuji Golf, TriPeaks solitaire, WordZap, SkiFree and more.  List
  $ 39.

* Windows Entertainment Pack Vol. 4
  Microsoft.  List $ 39.

* WinGames
  WinSoft.  WinCommand, Chopper Attack, Yacht and more.  List $ 39.

* WinGames II
  WinSoft.  MrMind, Lander, Adventure and more.  List $ 49.

Sorry, the shareware and freeware games are just too numerous to mention!
Check your favorite FTP site or BBS for availability.


7.3.10.3.  Multimedia authoring

* AuthorWare Professional
  ?.  A high-end multimedia authoring tool.  List $ 7,995.

* IconAuthor
  ?.  A high-end multimedia authoring tool.  List $ 4,995.

* HSC Interactive
  HSC.  A fairly basic, easy-to-use, multimedia authoring package based on a
  subset of IconAuthor.  No OLE, DDE or TrueType support.  List $ 495.

* Video for Windows
  Microsoft.  A video editor supporting OLE for embedding video clips into
  other applications.  List $ 195.


7.3.10.4.  Multimedia playback

* AmandaStories
  Voyager.  Animated stories for children age 3 and up.  List $ ?.

* Composer Quest
  Dr. T's Music Software.  Various classical composers, with sound, text and
  pictures.  List $ 99.

* Multimedia Beethoven
  Microsoft.  Experience Beethoven with sound, text and pictures.  List $ 69.

* MPEGPlay
  Michael Simmons.  A MPEG player with hicolor capability.  Registration $ ?.

* Wave Utilities
  TaSSoft.  Plays wave and MIDI files with features beyond those of standard
  WIndows applets.  Free.

* WinTV
  Hauppage.  View NTSC TV in a window.  Includes adapter card.  List $ 495.

* XING
  XING.  A MPEG player for Windows.  Registration $ ?.


7.3.10.5.  Sound editors

* Encore
  Passport Designs.  Music publishing package for composing and editing
  music.  List $ 595.

* Sound Brush
  MP Technologies.  Sound editor and player.  List $ 250.

* Trax
  Passport Designs.  MIDI editor and player.  List $ 595.

* Wave for Windows
  Turtle Beach.  Sound editing package.  List $ 149.

* X-oR
  Dr. T's Music Software.  MIDI editor and librarian.  List $ 129.


7.3.10.6.  Video Editors

* CameraMan
  Vision Software.  Capture Windows screens into .AVI format movies.  List $
  149.

* Video for Windows
  Microsoft.  Capture video into .AVI files through a video capture board,
  and play them back or embed video clips into other applications.  List $
  199.

:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::


8.  TECHNICAL SUPPORT CONTACTS
==============================
  This section attempts to list various avenues for technical support for
  Windows and Windows applications.  Further information is always welcome!

---------------------------------------------------------------------------

8.1.  Microsoft
===============


...........................................................................

8.1.1.  Telephone
-----------------

* Installation Support
  Visual Basic                    [phone]
  Visual Basic Pro Toolkit        [phone]
  Windows Entertainment Pack      [phone]

* Toll Telephone Support
  Access                          [phone]
  Excel                           [phone]
  FoxPro                          [phone]
  Mail                            [phone]
  Money                           [phone]
  PowerPoint                      [phone]
  Project                         [phone]
  Publisher                       [phone]
  Windows                         [phone]
  Windows for Workgroups          [phone]
  Word                            [phone]
  Works                           [phone]
  Other products                  [phone]